Functional structural body and method for making functional structural body

ABSTRACT

To provide a functional structural body that can realize ong life time by suppressing the decline in function of the functional substance and that can attempt to save resources without requiring a complicated replacement operation, and to provide a method for making the functional structural body. The functional structural body (1) includes a skeletal body (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional substance (20) present in the skeletal body (10), the skeletal body (10) has channels (11) connecting with each other, and the functional substance is present at least the channels (11) of the skeletal body (10).

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation application of InternationalPatent Application No. PCT/JP2018/021078 filed on May 31, 2018, whichclaims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-108583, filed onMay 31, 2017. The contents of these applications are incorporated hereinby reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a functional structural body having askeletal body of a porous structure and a functional substance, and amethod for making the functional structural body.

BACKGROUND ART

Petrochemical raw materials called naphtha and various fuels such asheavy oil, light oil, kerosene, gasoline, and LP gas are produced fromcrude oil in petroleum complexes in oil manufacturers. Since the crudeoil is a mixture in which various impurities are mixed in addition tothe petrochemical raw materials described above and the various fuels, astep of distilling and separating the components contained in the crudeoil is required.

Therefore, in the petroleum refining process, the difference in boilingpoint of each component is used, and crude oil is heated at a shelfstage in a column in an atmospheric pressure distillation apparatus toseparate the crude oil for each component, and then the separatedsubstances are concentrated. As a result, a low-boiling point substancesuch as LP gas or naphtha is removed at the upper shelf stage of theatmospheric pressure distillation apparatus while a high-boiling pointsubstance such as heavy oil is removed from the bottom of theatmospheric pressure distillation apparatus. Then, the separated andconcentrated substances are subjected to secondary processing such asdesulfurization to produce various fuel products.

In general, refining catalysts have been used to efficiently modify lowboiling point naphtha and the like in the above petroleum refiningprocess to produce gasoline having a high octane number and the like.Since the naphtha fraction in the crude oil has a low octane number asit is, and is incompatible as the gasoline that causes the vehicle torun, by modifying the paraffins and naphthenes having a low octanenumber in the naphtha fraction to an aromatic fractions having a highoctane number using refining catalysts, modified gasoline havingcharacteristics suitable for vehicle fuel is produced.

In addition, as crude oil becomes heavier, hydrocracking treatment isperformed in which heavy oil is hydrodesulfurized using ahydrodesulfurization apparatus such as a direct desulfurizationapparatus, an indirect desulfurization apparatus, and the like to obtaina desulfurized heavy oil, desulfurized heavy gas oil, and the like thatare further decomposed to increase production of desulfurized naphtha,desulfurized kerosene, desulfurized gas oil, and the like. For example,by hydrocracking the atmospheric pressure distilled residue oil, theyields of the desulfurization light gas distillate, the desulfurizationnaphtha fraction are increased and the desulfurized heavy oil isdecreased, and the LPG fraction, FCC gasoline fraction, and LCO fractionof the desulfurization heavy oil is produced in the catalytic crackingdevice, and thereby the residual oil is decreased and the distillate oflight oil is increased. In this case, a catalyst including a crystallinealuminosilicate support, which is an exemplary zeolite, and ahydrocracking catalyst containing a specific proportion of zeolite to aporous inorganic oxide have been proposed.

For example, a catalyst is disclosed in which a metal made from amaterial selected from Pd, Pt, Co, Fe, Cr, Mo, W and mixtures thereof isdeposited on the surface of a support including Y type zeolite as ahydrocracking catalyst (U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2016/0,030,934).

Furthermore, in the automotive field, as a catalyst structure forexhaust emissions of automotive, a ceramic catalyst body is proposed inwhich a ceramic support is disposed on a ceramic surface of a substrate,and both a main catalyst component and a co-catalyst component aresupported on the ceramic support. In this ceramic catalyst body, a largenumber of pores formed. from lattice defects and the like in the crystallattice are formed in the surface of a ceramic support made ofγ-alumina, and a main catalyst component including Ce—Zr, Pt, and thelike is directly supported near the surface of the ceramic support (U.S.Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0,109,383).

SUMMARY OF DISCLOSURE Technical Problem

However, in the catalyst structure described above, because the catalystparticles are supported on or near the surfaces of supports, thecatalyst particles move within the supports due to the effects of theforce, heat, and the like from fluid, such as a material to be modified,during the modification process, and the aggregation of the catalystparticles (sintering) easily occurs. When aggregation occurs betweencatalyst particles, the catalyst activity decreases due to the reductionin effective surface area as a catalyst, and therefore the life of thecatalyst structure becomes shorter than normal. Therefore, the catalyststructure itself must be replaced or regenerated over a short period oftime, which leads to the problem that the replacement operation iscumbersome and resources saving cannot be achieved. Furthermore, sincerefining catalysts are typically connected to the downstream side of theatmospheric pressure distillation apparatus and are used continuously ina petroleum refining process, it is difficult to apply the catalystre-activation technique, and even if the reactivation technique can beapplied, the work is very complicated. Furthermore, the suppression orprevention of such a deterioration of the function over time is not onlya problem in the catalytic field, but also in a variety of technicalfields, and the solution is desired in order to maintain the functionfor a long term.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a functionalstructural body that can realize a long life time by suppressing thedecline in function of the functional substance and that can attempt tosave resources without requiring a complicated replacement operation,and to provide a method for making the functional structural body.

Solution to Problem

As a result of diligent research to achieve the object described above,the present inventors have found that the functional structural bodythat can suppress the decline in function of the functional substanceand that can realize a long life time can be obtained by including:

a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-typecompound; and

at least one functional substance present in the skeletal body,

wherein the skeletal body has channels connecting with each other, and

the functional substance is held at least in the channels of theskeletal body, and thus completed the present disclosure based on suchfinding.

In other words, the summary configurations of the present disclosure areas follows.

[1] A functional structural body, including:

a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-typecompound; and

at least one functional substance present in the skeletal body,

wherein the skeletal body has channels connecting with each other, and

the functional substance is present at least in the channels of theskeletal body.

[2] The functional structural body according to [1], wherein thechannels have any one of a one-dimensional pore, a two-dimensional pore,and a three-dimensional pore defined by the framework of thezeolite-type compound and an enlarged pore portion which has a diameterdifferent from that of any of the one-dimensional pore, thetwo-dimensional pore, and the three-dimensional pore, and

the functional substance is present at least in the enlarged poreportion.

[3] The functional structural body according to [2], wherein theenlarged pore portion causes a plurality of pores constituting any oneof the one-dimensional pore, a two-dimensional pore, and athree-dimensional pore to connect with each other.

[4] The functional structural body according to [1], wherein thefunctional substance is a catalytic substance, and

the skeletal body is a support that supports at least one catalyticsubstance.

[5] The functional structural body according to [4], wherein thecatalytic substance is metal oxide nanoparticles.

[6] The functional structural body according to [5], wherein an averageparticle diameter of the metal oxide nanoparticles is greater than anaverage inner diameter of the channels and is less than or equal to aninner diameter of the enlarged pore portion.

[7] The functional structural body according to [5], wherein a rnetalelement (M) of the metal oxide nanoparticles is contained in an amountfrom 0.5 mass % to 2.5 mass % based on the functional structural body.

[8] The functional structural body according to [5], wherein an averageparticle size of the metal oxide nanoparticles is from 0.1 nm to 50 nm.

[9] The functional structural body according to [5], wherein the averageparticle size of the metal oxide nanoparticles is from 0.5 nm to 14.0nm.

[10] The functional structural body according to [5], wherein a ratio ofthe average particle size of the metal oxide nanoparticles to theaverage inner diameter of the channels is from 0.06 to 500.

[11] The functional structural body according to [10], wherein a ratioof the average particle size of the metal oxide nanoparticles to theaverage inner diameter of the channels is from 0.1 to 36.

[12] The functional structural body according to [11], wherein a ratioof the average particle size of the metal oxide nanoparticles to theaverage inner diameter of the channels is from 1.7 to 4.5.

[13] The functional structural body according to [2], wherein theaverage inner diameter of the channels is from 0.1 nm to 1.5 nm, and theinner diameter of the enlarged pore portion is from 0.5 nm to 50 nm,

[14] The functional structural body according to [1], further includingat least one functional substance held on an outer surface of theskeletal body.

[15] The functional structural body according to [14], wherein thecontent of the at least one functional substance present in the skeletalbody is greater than that of a functional substance other than the atleast one functional substance held on an outer surface of the skeletalbody.

[16] The functional structural body according to [1], wherein thezeoliteR type compound is a silicate compound.

[17] A method for making a functional structural body, including:

a sintering step of a precursor material (B) obtained by impregnating aprecursor material (A) for obtaining a skeletal body of a porousstructure composed of zeolite-type compound with a metal-containingsolution; and

a hydrothermal treatment step of hydrothermal-treating the precursor (C)obtained by sintering the precursor material (B).

[18] The method for making a functional structural body according to[17], wherein from 5 to 500 mass % of a non-ionic surfactant is added tothe precursor material (A) before the sintering step.

The method for making a functional structural body according to [17],wherein the precursor material (A) is impregnated with themetal-containing solution by adding the metal-containing solution in theprecursor material (A) in multiple portions prior to the sintering step.

[20] The method for making a functional structural body according to[17], wherein in impregnating the precursor material (A) with themetal-containing solution prior to the sintering step, the valueobtained by converting the added amount of the metal-containing solutionadded to the precursor material (A) to a ratio of silicon (Si)constituting the precursor material (A) to a metal element (M) includedin the metal-containing solution added to the precursor material (A) (aratio of number of atoms Si/M) is adjusted to from 10 to 1000.

[21] The method for making a functional structural body according to[17], wherein in the hydrothermal treatment step, the precursor material(C) and the structure directing agent are mixed.

[22] The method for making a functional structural body according to[17], wherein the hydrothermal treatment step is performed under a basicatmosphere.

Advantageous Effects of Disclosure

According to the present disclosure, the functional structural body thatcan realize a long life time by suppressing the decline in function ofthe functional substance and that can attempt to save resources withoutrequiring a complicated replacement operation can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams schematically illustrating a functionalstructural body according to an embodiment of the present disclosure sothat the inner structure can be understood. FIG. 1A is a perspectiveview (partially illustrating in cross section), and FIG. 1B is apartially enlarged cross-sectional view.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are partial enlarged cross-sectional views forexplaining an example of the function of the functional structural bodyof FIGS. 1A and 1B. FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating the function of asieve, and FIG. 2B is a diagram explaining the catalytic function.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for making thefunctional structural body of FIGS. 1A and 1B.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a modified example of thefunctional structural body of FIGS. 1A and 1B.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described indetail with reference to drawings.

Configuration of Functional Structural Body

FIGS. 1A and 1B is a diagram schematically illustrating a configurationof a functional structural body according to an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. FIG. 1A is a perspective view (partially illustratedin cross section) and FIG. 1B is a partially enlarged cross-sectionalview. Note that the functional structural body in FIGS. 1A and 1B is anexample of the functional structural body, and the shape, dimension, andthe like of each of the configurations according to the presentdisclosure are not limited to those illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

As illustrated in FIG. 1B, a functional structural body 1 includes askeletal body 10 of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-typecompound, and at least one functional substance 20 present in theskeletal body 10.

This functional substance 20 is a substance that exhibits one or morefunctions alone, or by cooperating with the skeletal body 10. Specificexamples of the function described above include catalytic function,light emission (or fluorescent) function, light-absorbing function, andidentification function. The functional substance 20 is preferably, forexample, a catalyst material having a catalytic function. Note that whenthe functional substance 20 is the catalytic substance, the skeletalbody 10 is a support that supports the catalytic substance.

In the functional structural body 1, a plurality of functionalsubstances 20, 20, are embedded in the porous structure of the skeletalbody 10. The catalyst material, which is an example of the functionalsubstance 20, is preferably at least one of metal oxide nanoparticlesand metallic nanoparticles. The metal oxide nanoparticles and metallicnanoparticles are described in detail below. Furthermore, the functionalsubstance 20 may be a metal xide, metal alloy, or particles containing acomposite aterial thereof.

The skeletal body 10 is a porous structure, and as illustrated in FIG.13, a plurality of pores 11 a, 11 a, . . . are preferably formed so asto have channels 11 connecting with each other. Here, the functionalmaterial 20 is present at least in the channel 11 of the skeletal body10, and is preferably held at least in the channel 11 of the skeletalbody 10.

With such a configuration, movement of the functional substances 20within the skeletal body 10 is restricted, and aggregation between thefunctional substances 20 and 20 is effectively prevented. As a result,the decrease in effective surface area as the functional substance 20can be effectively suppressed, and the function of the functionalsubstance 20 lasts for a long period of time. In other words, accordingto the functional structural body 1, the decline in function due toaggregation of the functional substance 20 can be suppressed, and thelife of the functional structural body 1 can be extended. In addition,due to the long life time of the functional structural body 1, thereplacement frequency of the functional structural body 1 can bereduced, and the amount of waste of the used functional structural body1 can be significantly reduced, and thereby can save resources.

Typically, when the functional structural body is used in a fluid (e.g.,a heavy oil, or modified gas such as NOx, etc.), it can be subjected toexternal forces from the fluid. In this case, in a case where thefunctional substance is only held in the state of attachment to theouter surface of the skeletal body 10, there is a problem in that it iseasy to disengage from the outer surface of the skeletal body 10 due tothe influence of external force from the fluid. In contrast, in thefunctional structural body 1, the functional substance 20 is held atleast in the channel 11 of the skeletal body 10, and therefore, even ifsubjected to an external force caused by a fluid, the functionalsubstance 20 is less likely to detach from the skeletal body 10. Thatis, when the functional structural body 1 is in the fluid, the fluidflows into the channel 11 from the hole 11 a of the skeletal body 10, sothat the speed of the fluid flowing through the channel 11 is slowerthan the speed of the fluid flowing on the outer surface of the skeletalbody 10 due to the flow path resistance (frictional force). Due to theinfluence of such flow path resistance, the pressure experienced by thefunctional substance 20 held in the channel 11 from the fluid is lowerthan the pressure at which the functional substance is received fromthefluid outside of the skeletal body 10. As a result, separation of thefunctional substances 20 present in the skeletal body 11 can beeffectively suppressed, and the function of the functional substance 20can be stably maintained over a long period of time. Note that the flowpath resistance as described above is thought to be larger so that thechannel 11 of the skeletal body 10 has a plurality of bends andbranches, and the interior of the skeletal body 10 becomes a morecomplex three-dimensional structure.

Preferably, the channel 11 has any one of a one-dimensional pore, atwo-dimensional pore, and a three-dimensional pore defined by theframework of the zeolite-type compound and an enlarged pore portionwhich has a diameter different from that of any of the one-dimensionalpore, the two-dimensional pore, and the three-dimensional pore. In thiscase, the functional substance 20 is preferably present at least in theenlarged pore portion 12. More preferably, the functional substance 20is embedded at least in the enlarged pore portion 12. Here, the“one-dimensional pore” refers to a tunnel-type or cage-type pore forminga one-dimensional channel, or a plurality of tunnel-type or cage-typepores (a plurality of one-dimensional channels) forming a plurality ofone-dimensional channels. Also, the “two-dimensional pore” refers to atwo-dimensional channel in which a plurality of one-dimensional channelsare connected two-dimensionally. The “three-dimensional pore” refers toa three-dimensional channel in which a plurality of one-dimensionalchannels are connected three-dimensionally.

As a result, the movement of the functional substance 20 within theskeletal body 10 is further restricted, and it is possible to furthereffectively prevent separation of the functional substance 20 andaggregation between the functional substances 20, 20. Embedding refersto a state in which the functional substance 20 is included in theskeletal body 10. At this time, the functional substance 20 and theskeletal body 10 need not necessarily be in direct contact with eachother, but may be indirectly held by the skeletal body 10 with othersubstances (e.g., a surfactant, etc.) interposed between the functionalmaterial 20 and the skeletal body 10.

Although FIG. 1B illustrates the case in which the functional substance20 is embedded in the enlarged pore portion 12, the functional substance20 is not limited to this configuration only, and the functionalsubstance 20 may be present in the channel 11 with a portion thereofprotruding outward of the enlarged pore portion 12. Furthermore, thefunctional substance 20 may be partially embedded in a portion of thechannel 11 other than the enlarged pore portion 12 (for example, aninner wall portion of the channel 11), or may be held by fixing, forexample.

Additionally, the enlarged pore portion 12 preferably connects with theplurality of pores 11 a, 11 a constituting any one of theone-dimensional pore, the two-dimensional pore, and thethree-dimensional pore. As a result, a separate channel different fromthe one-dimensional pore, the two-dimensional pore, or thethree-dimensional pore is provided in the interior of the skeletal body10, so that the function of the functional material 20 can be furtherexhibited.

Additionally, the channel 11 is formed three-dimensionally by includinga branch portion or a merging portion within the skeletal body 10, andthe enlarged pore portion 12 is preferably provided in the branchportion or the merging portion of the channel 11.

The average inner diameter D_(F) of the channel 11 formed in theskeletal body 10 is calculated from the average value of the shortdiameter and the long diameter of the pore 11 a constituting any of theone-dimensional pore, the two-dimensional pore, and thethree-dimensional pore. For example, it is from 0.1 nm to 1.5 nm, andpreferably from 0.5 nm to 0.8 nm. The inner diameter D_(E) of theenlarged pore portion 12 is from 0.5 nm to 50 nm, for example. The innerdiameter D_(E) is preferably from 1.1 nm to 40 nm, and more preferablyfrom 1.1 nm to 3.3 nm. For example, the inner diameter D_(E) of theenlarged pore portion 12 depends on the pore diameter of the precursormaterial (A) described below and the average particle size D_(C) of thefunctional substance 20 to be embedded. The inner diameter D_(E) of theenlarged pore portion 12 is sized so that the enlarged pore portion 12is able to embed the functional substance 20.

The skeletal body 10 is composed of a zeolite-type compound. Examples ofzeolite-type compounds include zeolite analog compounds such as zeolites(alminosilicate salts), cation exchanged zeolites, silicate compoundssuch as silicalite, alminoborate salts, alminoarsenate salts, andgermanate salts; and phosphate-based zeolite analog materials such asmolybdenum phosphate. Among these, the zeolite-type compound ispreferably a silicate compound.

The framework of the zeolite-type compound is selected from FAU type (Ytype or X type), MTW type, MFI type (ZSM-5), FER type (ferrierite), LTAtype (A type), MWW type (MCM-22), MOR type (mordenite), LTL type (Ltype), and BEA type (beta type). Preferably, it is MFI type, and morepreferably ZSM-5. A plurality of pores having a pore diametercorresponding to each framework is formed in the zeolite-type compound.For example, the maximum pore diameter of MFI type is 0.636 nm (6.36 Å)and the average pore diameter is 0.560 nm (5.60 Å).

Hereinafter, the description will be given of the case in which thefunctional substance 20 is at least one of metal oxide nanoparticles andmetallic nanoparticles (hereinafter, also referred to collectively as“nanoparticles”).

When the functional substance 20 is nanoparticles described above, thenanoparticles 20 are primary particles or secondary particles formed byaggregating primary particles, but the average particle size D_(C) ofthe nanoparticles 20 is preferably larger than the average innerdiameter D_(F) of the channel 11 and not greater than the inner diameterD_(E) of the enlarged pore portion 12 (D_(F)<D_(C)≤D_(E)). Suchnanoparticles 20 are suitably embedded in the enlarged pore portion 12within the channel 11, and the movement of the nanoparticles 20 withinthe skeletal body 10 is restricted. Thus, even if the nanoparticles 20are subjected to external force from the fluid, movement of thenanoparticles 20 within the skeletal body 10 is suppressed, and it ispossible to effectively prevent the nanoparticles 20, 20, . . . embeddedin the enlarged pore portions 12, 12, . . . dispersed in the channel 11of the skeletal body 10 from coming into contact with each other.

When the functional substance 20 is metal oxide nanoparticles, theaverage particle size D_(C) of the metal oxide nanoparticles 20 ispreferably from 0.1 nm to 50 nm, more preferably 0.1 nm or higher andless than 30 nm, and further preferably from 0.5 nm to 14.0 nm, andparticularly preferably from 1.0 nm to 3.3 nm for primary particles andsecond particles. Furthermore, the ratio (D_(C)/D_(F)) of the averageparticle size D_(C) of the metal oxide nanoparticles 20 to the averageinner diameter D_(F) of the channel 11 is preferably from 0.06 to 500,more preferably from 0.1 to 36, even more preferably from 1.1 to 36, andparticularly preferably from 1.7 to 4.5.

When the functional substance 20 is metal oxide nanoparticles, the metalelement (M) of the metal oxide nanoparticles is preferably contained in0.5 to 2.5 mass % relative to the functional structural body 1, and morepreferably from 0.5 to 1.5 mass % relative to the functional structuralbody 1. For example, when the metal element (m) is Co, the content of Coelement (mass %) is expressed as {(mass of Co element)/(mass of allelements of the functional structural body 1)}×100.

The metal oxide nanoparticles only needs to be constituted by a metaloxide. For example, the metal oxide nanoparticles may be constituted bya single metal oxide, or may be constituted by a mixture of two or moretypes of metal oxides. Note that in the present specification, the“metal oxide” constituting the metal oxide nanoparticles (as the rawmaterial) refers to an oxide containing one type of metal element (M)and a complex oxide containing two or more types of metal elements (M),and the term is a generic term for an oxide containing one or more metalelements (M).

Examples of such metal oxides include cobalt oxide (CoO_(x)), nickeloxide (NiO_(x)), iron oxide (FeO_(x)) copper oxide (CuO_(x)), zirconiumoxide (ZrO_(x)), cerium oxide (CeO_(x)), aluminum oxide (AlO_(x)),niobium oxide (NbO_(x)), titanium oxide (TiO_(x)), bismuth oxide(BiO_(x)), molybdenum oxide (MoO_(x)), vanadium oxide (VO_(x)), andchromium oxide (CrO_(x)). Preferably, any one of oxides described aboveis the major component.

In addition, when the functional substance 20 is metallic nanoparticles,the average particle size D_(C) of the metallic nanoparticles 20 ispreferably from 0.08 nm to 30 nm, more preferably 0.08 nm or higher andless than 25 nm, and further preferably from 0.4 nm to 11.0 nm, andparticularly preferably from 0.8 nm to 2.7 nm for primary particles andsecond particles. Furthermore, the ratio (D_(C)/D_(F)) of the averageparticle size D_(C) of the metallic nanoparticles 20 to the averageinner diameter D_(F) of the channel 11 is preferably from 0.05 to 300,more preferably from 0.1 to 30, even more preferably from 1.1 to 30, andparticularly preferably from 1.4 to 3.6.

When the functional substance 20 is metallic nanoparticles, the metalelement (M) of the metallic nanoparticles is preferably contained in 0.5to 2.5 mass % relative to the functional structural body 1, and morepreferably from 0.5 to 1.5 mass % relative to the functional structuralbody 1.

The metallic fine particles only needs to be constituted by a metal thatis not oxidized, and may be constituted by a single metal or a mixtureof two or more types of metals, for example. Note that in the presentspecification, the “metal” constituting the metallic nanoparticles (asthe raw material) refers to an elemental metal containing one type ofmetal element (M) and a metal alloy containing two or more types ofmetal elements (M), and the term is a generic term for a metalcontaining one or more metal elements (M).

Examples of such a metal include platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd),ruthenium (Ru), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W),iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), cerium (Ce), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), andaluminum (Al). Preferably, any one of metal described above is the majorcomponent.

Note that the functional substance 20 is preferably metal oxidenanoparticles in terms of durability.

Furthermore, the ratio of silicon (Si) constituting the skeletal body 10to a metal element (M) constituting the nanoparticles 20 (the ratio ofnumber of atoms Si/M) is preferably from 10 to 1000, and more preferablyfrom 50 to 200. If the ratio is greater than 1000, the action as thefunctional substance may not be sufficiently obtained, such as lowactivity. On the other hand, in a case where the ratio is smaller than10, the proportion of the nanoparticles 20 becomes too large, and thestrength of the skeletal body 10 tends to decrease. Note that thenanoparticles 20, which are present in the interior of the skeletal body10 or are supported, do not include nanoparticles adhered to the outersurface of the skeletal body 10.

Function of Functional Structural Body

The functional structural body 1 includes the skeletal body 10 of aporous structure and at least one functional substance 20 present in theskeletal body 10, as described above. The functional structural body 1exhibits a function according to the functional substance 20 by bringingthe functional substance 20 present in the skeletal body into contactwith a fluid. In particular, the fluid in contact with the externalsurface 10 a of the functional structural body 1 flows into the skeletalbody 10 through the pore 11 a formed in the outer surface 10 a andguided into the channel 11, moves through the channel 11, and exits tothe exterior of the functional structural body 1 through the other pore11 a. In the pathway through which fluid travels through the channel 11,contacting with the functional substance 20 held in the channel 11results in a reaction (e.g., a catalytic reaction) depending on thefunction of the functional substance 20. In addition, the functionalstructural body 1 has molecular sieving capability due to the skeletalbody being a porous structure.

First, the case in which the fluid is a liquid containing benzene,propylene, and mesitylene is described as an example using FIG. 2A forthe molecular sieving capability of the functional structural body 1. Asillustrated in FIG. 2A, a compound (e.g., benzene, propylene)constituted by molecules having a size that is less than or equal to thepore diameter of the pore 11.a, in other words, less than or equal tothe inner diameter of the channel 11, can enter the skeletal body 10. Onthe other hand, a compound made up of molecules having a size exceedingthe pore diameter of the pore 11 a (for example, mesitylene) cannotenter the skeletal body 10. In this way, when the fluid contains aplurality of types of compounds, the reaction of compounds that cannotenter the skeletal body 10 can be restricted and a compound capable ofentering into the skeletal body 10 can react.

Of the compounds produced in the skeletal body 10 by the reaction, onlycompounds composed of molecules having a size less than or equal to thepore diameter of the pore 11 a can exit through the pore 11 a to theexterior of the skeletal body 10, and are obtained as reaction products.On the other hand, a compound that cannot exit to the exterior of theskeletal body 10 from the pore 11 a can be released to the exterior ofthe skeletal body 10 when converted into a compound made up of moleculessized to be able to exit to the exterior of the skeletal body 10. Inthis way, a specified reaction product can be selectively obtained byusing the functional structural body 1.

In the functional structural body 1, as illustrated in FIG. 2B, thefunctional substance 20 is suitably embedded in the enlarged poreportion 12 of the channel 11. When the functional substance 20 is metaloxide nanoparticles, in a case where the average particle size D_(C) ofthe metal oxide nanoparticles is larger than the average inner diameterD_(F) of the channel 11 and smaller than the inner diameter D_(E) of theenlarged pore portion 12(D_(F)<D_(C)<D_(E)), a small channel 13 isformed between the metal oxide nanoparticles and the diameter expandingportion 12. Thus, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2B, the fluidentering the small channel 13 comes into contact with the metal oxidenanoparticles. Because each metal oxide nanoparticle is embedded in thediameter expanding portion 12, movement within the skeletal body 10 isrestricted. As a result, aggregation between the metal oxidenanoparticles in the skeletal body 10 is prevented. As a result, a largecontact area between the metal oxide nanoparticles and the fluid can bestably maintained.

Next, the case in which the functional substance 20 has a catalyticfunction will be described. Specifically, the case in which thefunctional substance 20 is iron oxide (FeO_(x)) nanoparticles anddodecylbenzene which is a heavy oilis made to enter the skeletal body 10of the functional structural body 1 will be described as an example. Asdodecylbenzene enters the skeletal body 10, the dodecyl benzene isdecomposed into various alcohols and ketones by an oxidativedecomposition reaction, as described below. Furthermore, benzene, whichis a light oil, is produced from a ketone (here, acetophenone), which isone of the degradation products. This means that the functionalsubstance 20 functions as a catalyst in the oxidation decompositionreaction. In this way, the functional structural body 1 can be used toconvert heavy oils to light oils. In the related art, hydrocrackingtreatment using hydrogen has been performed to convert heavy oils tolight oils. In contrast, by using the functional structural body 1,hydrogen is not required. Thus, the functional structural body 1 can beutilized to convert heavy oils to light oils even in regions wherehydrogen is difficult to supply. Furthermore, because hydrogen is notrequired, cost reduction can be realized, and it can be expected thatthe use of heavy oils that could not be sufficiently utilized can bepromoted.

Method for Making Functional Structural Body

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for making the functionalstructural body 1 of FIGS. 1A and 1B. An example of the method formaking the functional structural body will be described below as anexample of the case in which the functional substance present in theskeletal body is metal oxide n.an.oparticles.

Step S1: Preparation Step

As illustrated in FIG. 3, the precursor material (A) is first preparedfor obtaining the skeletal body of the porous structure composed of thezeolite-type compound. The precursor material (A) is preferably aregular mesopore material, and can be appropriately selected accordingto the type (composition) of the zeolite-type compound constituting theskeletal body of the functional structural body.

Here, when the zeolite-type compound constituting the skeletal body ofthe functional structural body is a silicate compound, the regularmesopore material is preferably a compound including a Si—O skeletalbody in which pores having a pore diameter from 1 to 50 nm are uniformlysized and regularly developed one-dimensionally, two-dimension-ally, orthree-dimensionally. While such a regular mesopore material is obtainedas a variety of synthetic materials depending on the syntheticconditions. Specific examples of the synthetic material include SBA-1,SBA-15, SBA-16, KIT-6, FSM-I6, and MCM-41. Among them, MCM-41 ispreferred. Note that the pore diameter of SBA-1 is from 10 to 30 nm, thepore diameter of SBA-15 is from 6 to 10 nm, the pore diameter of SBA-16is 6 nm, the pore diameter of KIT-6 is 9 nm, the pore diameter of FSM-16is from 3 to 5 nm, and the pore diameter of MCM-41 is from 1 to 10 nm.Examples of such a regular mesopore material include mesoporous silica,mesoporous aluminosilicate, and mesoporous metallosilicate.

The precursor material (A) may be a commercially available product or asynthetic product. When the precursor material (A) is synthesized, itcan be synthesized by a known method for synthesizing a regular mesoporematerial. For example, a mixed solution including a raw materialcontaining the constituent elements of the precursor material (A) and amolding agent for defining the structure of the precursor material (A)is prepared, and the pH is adjusted as necessary to perform hydrothermaltreatment (hydrothermal synthesis). Thereafter, the precipitate(product) obtained by hydrothermal treatment is recovered (e.g.,filtered), washed and dried as necessary, and then sintered to obtain aprecursor material (A) which is a powdered regular mesopore material.Here, examples of the solvent of the mixed solution that can be usedinclude water, an organic solvent such as alcohol, or a mixed solventthereof. In addition, the raw material is selected according to the typeof the skeletal body, but examples include silica agents such astetraethoxysilane (TEOS), fumed silica, and quartz sand. In addition,various types of surfactants, block copolymers, and the like can be usedas the molding agent, and it is preferably selected depending on thetype of the synthetic materials of the regular mesopore material. Forexample, a surfactant such as hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide ispreferable when producing MCM-41. The hydrothermal treatment can beperformed at from 0 to 2000 kPa at 80 to 800° C. for 5 hours to 240hours in a sealed container. For example, the sintering treatment can beperformed in air, at 350 to 850° C. for 2 hours to 30 hours.

Step S2: Impregnating Step

The prepared precursor material (A) is then impregnated with themetal-containing solution to obtain the precursor material (B).

The metal-containing solution is a solution containing a metal component(for example, a metal ion) corresponding to the metal element (M)constituting the metal oxide nanoparticles of the functional structuralbody, and can be prepared, for example, by dissolving a metal saltcontaining a metal element (M) in a solvent. Examples of such metalsalts include metal salts such as chlorides, hydroxides, oxides,sulfates, and nitrates. Of these, nitrates are preferable. Examples ofthe solvent that can be used include water, an organic solvent such asalcohol, or a mixed solvent thereof.

The method for impregnating the precursor material (A) with themetal-containing solution is not particularly limited; however, forexample, the metal-containing solution is preferably added in portionsin a plurality of times while mixing the powdered precursor material (A)before the sintering step described below. In addition, the surfactantis preferably added to the precursor material (A) as the additive beforeadding the metal-containing solution to the precursor material (A) fromthe perspective of allowing the metal-containing solution to enter thepores of the precursor material (A) more easily. It is believed thatsuch additives serve to cover the outer surface of the precursormaterial (A) and inhibit the subsequently added metal-containingsolution from adhering to the outer surface of the precursor material(A), making it easier for the metal-containing solution to enter thepores of the precursor material (A).

Examples of such additives include non-ionic surfactants such aspolyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, andpolyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether. It is believed that these surfactantsdo not adhere to the interior of the pores because their molecular sizeis large and cannot enter the pores of the precursor material (A), andwill not interfere with the penetration of the metal-containing solutioninto the pores. As the method for adding the non-ionic surfactant, forexample, it is preferable to add from 50 to 500 mass % of the non-ionicsurfactant to the precursor material (A) prior to the sintering stepdescribed below. In a case where the added amount of the non-ionicsurfactant to the precursor material (A) is less than 50 mass %, theaforementioned suppressing action will not easily occur, and whengreater than 500 mass % of the non-ionic surfactant is added to theprecursor material (A), the viscosity is too high, which is notpreferable. Thus, the added amount of the non-ionic surfactant to theprecursor material (A) is a value within the range described above.

Furthermore, the added amount of the metal-containing solution added tothe precursor material (A) is preferably adjusted as appropriate inconsideration of the amount of the metal element (M) contained in themetal-containing solution with which the precursor material (A) isimpregnated (that is, the amount of the metal element (M) present in theprecursor material (B)). For example, prior to the sintering stepdescribed below, the value obtained by converting the added amount ofthe metal-containing solution added to the precursor material (A) to aratio of silicon (Si) constituting the precursor material (A) to a metalelement (M) included in the metal-containing solution added to theprecursor material (A) (the ratio of number of atoms Si/M) is preferablyadjusted to from 10 to 1000, and more preferably from 50 to 200. Forexample, in a case where the surfactant is added to the precursormaterial (A) as the additive prior to adding the metal-containingsolution to the precursor material (A), when the value obtained byconverting the added amount of the metal-containing solution added tothe precursor material (A) to the ratio of number of atoms Si/M is from50 to 200, from 0.5 to 2.5 mass % of the metal element of the metaloxide nanoparticles can be included in the functional structural body.In the state of the precursor material (B), the amount of the metalelement (M) present within the pores is generally proportional to theadded amount of the metal-containing solution added to the precursormaterial (A) in a case where the metal concentration of themetal-containing solution, the presence or absence of additives, andother conditions such as temperature, pressure, and the like are thesame. The amount of metal element (M) present in the precursor material(B) is also in a proportional relationship to the amount of metalelement constituting the metal oxide nanoparticles embedded in theskeletal body of the functional structural body. Thus, by controllingthe added amount of the metal-containing solution added to the precursormaterial (A) to the range described above, the pores of the precursormaterial (A) can be sufficiently impregnated with the metal-containingsolution, and thus the amount of metal oxide nanoparticles present inthe skeletal body of the functional structural body can be adjusted.

After impregnating the precursor material (A) with the metal-containingsolution, a washing treatment may be performed as necessary. Examples ofthe solvent of the washing solution that can be used include water, anorganic solvent such as alcohol, or a mixed solvent thereof.Furthermore, the precursor material (A) is preferably impregnated withthe metal-containing solution, and after the washing treatment isperformed as necessary, the precursor material (A) is further subjectedto drying treatment. Drying treatments include overnight natural dryingand high temperature drying at 150° C. or lower. Note that whensintering treatment described below is performed in the state in whichthere is a large amount of moisture remaining in the metal-containingsolution and the wash solution in the precursor material (A), theskeletal structure as the regular mesopore material of the precursormaterial (A) may be broken, and thus it is preferable to dry themsufficiently.

Step S3: Sintering Step

Next, a precursor material (C) is obtained by sintering the precursormaterial (B) obtained by impregnating the precursor material (A) forobtaining the skeletal body of the porous structure composed ofzeolite-type compound with the metal-containing solution.

For example, the sintering treatment is preferably performed in air, at350 to 850° C. for 2 hours to 30 hours. The metal component that hasentered the pores of the regular mesopore material undergoes crystalgrowth by such a sintering treatment, and metal oxide nanoparticles areformed in the pores.

Step S4: Hydrothermal Treatment Step

A mixed solution of the precursor material (C) and the structuredirecting agent is then prepared, and the precursor material (C)obtained by sintering the precursor material (B) is hydrothermal treatedto obtain a functional structural body.

The structure directing agent is a molding agent for defining theframework of the skeletal body of the functional structural body, forexample the surfactant can be used. The structure directing agent ispreferably selected according to the framework of the skeletal body ofthe functional structural body, and for example, a surfactant such astetraethylammonium bromide (TMABr), tetraethylammonium bromide (TEABr),and tetraethylammonium bromide (TPABr) are suitable.

The mixing of the precursor material (C) and the structure directingagent may be performed during the hydrothermal treatment step or may beperformed before the hydrothermal treatment step. Furthermore, themethod for preparing the mixed solution is not particularly limited, andthe precursor material (C), the structure directing agent, and thesolvent may be mixed simultaneously, or each of the dispersion solutionsmay be mixed after the precursor material (C) and the structuredirecting agent are each dispersed in individual solutions. Examples ofthe solvent that can be used include water, an organic solvent such asalcohol, or a mixed solvent thereof. In addition, it is preferable thatthe pH of the mixed solution is adjusted using an acid or a base priorto performing the hydrothermal treatment.

The hydrothermal treatment can be performed by a known method. Forexample, the hydrothermal treatment can be preferably performed at from0 to 2000 kPa at 80 to 800° C. for 5 hours to 240 hours in a sealedcontainer. Furthermore, the hydrothermal treatment is preferablyperformed under a basic atmosphere.

Although the reaction mechanism here is not necessarily clear, byperforming hydrothermal treatment using the precursor material (C) as araw material, the skeletal structure as the regular mesopore material ofthe precursor material (C) becomes increasingly disrupted. However, theaction of the structure directing agent forms a new framework (porousstructure) as the skeletal body of the functional structural body whilemaintaining the position of the metal oxide nanoparticles within thepores of the precursor material (C). The functional structural bodyobtained in this way includes the skeletal body having the porousstructure and metal oxide nanoparticles present in the skeletal body,and the skeletal body has a channel in which the plurality of poresconnect with each other by the porous structure, and at least a portionof the metal oxide nanoparticles are present in the channel of theskeletal body.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, in the hydrothermal treatmentstep, a mixed solution in which the precursor material (C) and thestructure directing agent are mixed is prepared, and the precursormaterial (C) is subjected to hydrothermal treatment, which is not alimitation. The precursor material (C) may be subjected to hydrothermaltreatment without mixing the precursor material (C) and the structuredirecting agent.

The precipitate obtained after hydrothermal treatment (functionalstructural body) is preferably washed, dried, and sintered as necessaryafter recovery (e.g., filtration). Examples of the washing solution thatcan be used include water, an organic solvent such as alcohol, or amixed solution thereof. Drying treatments include overnight naturaldrying and high temperature drying at 150° C. or lower. Note that whensintering treatment is performed in the state in which there is a largeamount of moisture remaining in the precipitate, the framework as askeletal body of the functional structural body may be broken, and thusit is preferable to dry the precipitate sufficiently. For example, thesintering treatment can be also performed in air, at 350 to 850° C. for2 hours to 30 hours. Such sintering treatment burns out the structuredirecting agent that has been attached to the functional structuralbody. Furthermore, the functional defining agent can be used as-iswithout subjecting the recovered precipitate to sintering, depending onthe intended use. For example, in a case where the environment in whichthe functional structural body is used is a high temperature environmentof an oxidizing atmosphere, exposing the functional structural body to ausage environment for a period of time allows the structure directingagent to be burned out and to obtain a functional structural bodysimilar to that when subjected to sintering treatment. Thus, theobtained functional structural body can be used as is.

The method for making the functional structural body in the case wherethe functional substance is a metal oxide nanoparticles has beendescribed as an example, but also when the functional substance ismetallic nanoparticles, a functional structural body can be producedgenerally in the similar manner as described above. For example, afterobtaining the functional structural body having metal oxide particles asdescribed above, the functional structural body in which metalnanoparticles present in the skeletal body can be obtained by reducingtreatment under a reducing gas atmosphere such as hydrogen gas. In thiscase, the metal oxide nanoparticles present in the skeletal body arereduced, and metallic nanoparticles corresponding to the metal element(M) constituting the metal oxide nanoparticles are formed.Alternatively, by making the metal element (M) contained in themetal-containing solution with which the precursor material (A) isimpregnated as the metal type that is not prone to oxidation (forexample, a noble metal), the metallic nanoparticles can be grown incrystals in a sintering step (step S3), and then hydrothermal treatmentis performed to obtain a functional structural body in which metalnanoparticles are present in the skeletal body.

Modified Example of Functional Structural Body 1

FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a modified example of thefunctional structural body 1 in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

Although the functional structural body 1 of FIGS. 1A and 1B illustratesthe case in which it includes the skeletal body 10 and the functionalsubstance 20 present in the skeletal body 10, the functional structuralbody 1 is not limited to this configuration. For example, as illustratedin FIG. 4, the functional structural body 2 may further include at leastone functional material 30 held on the outer surface 10 a of theskeletal body 10.

This functional substance 30 is a substance that exhibits one or morefunctions. The functions of the other functional material 30 may be thesame or different from the function of the functional substance 20. Aspecific example of the function of the other functional substance 30 isthe same as that described for the functional substance 20, andpreferably has a catalytic function, and the functional substance 30 isa catalytic substance. Also, in a case where both the functionalsubstances 20, 30 are materials having the same function, the materialof the other functional substance 30 may be the same as or differentfrom the material of the functional substance 20. According to thisconfiguration, the content of functional substances held in thefunctional structural body 2 can be increased, and the functions of thefunctional substance can be further accelerated.

In this case, the content of the functional substance 20 present in theskeletal body 10 is preferably greater than that of the other functionalsubstance 30 held on the outer surface 10 a of the skeletal body 10. Asa result, the function of the functional substance 20 held inside theskeletal body 10 becomes dominant, and functions of the functionalsubstances are stably exhibited.

Hereinbefore, the functional structural body according to the presentembodiments has been described, but the present disclosure is notlimited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changesare possible on the basis of the technical concept of the presentdisclosure.

EXAMPLES Example 1 to 384 Synthesis of Precursor Material (A)

A mixed aqueous solution was prepared by mixing a silica agent(tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), available from Wako Pure Chemical Industries,Ltd.) and a surfactant as the molding agent. The pH was adjusted asappropriate, and hydrothermal treatment was performed at from 80 to 350°C. for 100 hours in a sealed container. Thereafter, the producedprecipitate was filtered out, washed with water and ethanol, and thensintered in air at 600° C. for 24 hours to obtain the precursor material(A) of the type and having the pore diameter shown in Tables 1 to 8.Note that the following surfactant was used depending on the type of theprecursor material (A).

-   -   MCM-41: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) (manufactured        by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)    -   SBA-1: Pluronic P123 (manufactured by BASF)

Fabrication of Precursor Material (B) and (C)

Next, a metal-containing aqueous solution was prepared by dissolving ametal salt containing the metal element (M) in water according to themetal element (M) constituting the metal oxide nanoparticles of the typeshown in Tables 1 to 8. Note that the metal salt was used in accordancewith the type of metal oxide nanoparticles (“metal oxide nanoparticles:metal salt”).

-   -   CoO_(x): Cobalt nitrate (II) hexahydrate (manufactured by Wako        Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)    -   NiO_(x): Nickel nitrate (II) hexahydrate (manufactured by Wako        Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)    -   FeO_(x); Iron nitrate (III) nonahydrate (manufactured by Wako        Pure Chemical industries, Ltd.)    -   CuO_(x): Copper nitrate (II) trihydrate (manufactured by Wako        Pure Chemical industries, Ltd.)

Next, a metal-containing solution was added to the powdered precursormaterial (A) in portions, and dried at room temperature (20° C.±10° C.)for 12 hours or longer to obtain the precursor material (B).

Note that when the presence or absence of additives shown in Tables 1 to8 is “yes”, pretreatment in which an aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene(15) oleyl ether (NLKKOL BO-15 V, available from Nikko Chemicals Co.,Ltd.) is added as the additive to the precursor material (A) prior toadding the metal-containing aqueous solution, and then the aqueoussolution containing a metal was added as described above. Note that when“no” is used in the presence or absence of an additive, pretreatmentwith an additive such as that described above has not been performed.

Furthermore, the added amount of the metal-containing aqueous solutionadded to the precursor material (A) was adjusted so that the valueobtained by converting to a ratio of silicon (Si) constituting theprecursor material (A) to a metal element (M) included in themetal-containing solution is in Tables 1 to 8.

Next, the precursor material (B) impregnated with the metal-containingaqueous solution obtained as described above was sintered in air at 600°C. for 24 hours to obtain the precursor material (C).

Synthesis of Functional Structural Body.

The precursor material (C) obtained as described above and the structuredirecting agent shown in Tables 1 to 8 were mixed to produce a mixedaqueous solution. Hydrothermal treatment was performed under theconditions of at 80 to 350° C., at pH and time shown in Tables 1 to 8 ina sealed container. Thereafter, the produced precipitate was filteredout, washed with water, dried at 100° C. for 12 hours or longer, andfurther sintered in air at 600° C. for 24 hours to obtain a functionalstructural body having the skeletal body shown in Tables 1 to 8 andmetal oxide nanoparticles as the functional substance (Example 1 to384).

Comparative Example 1

In Comparative Example 1, cobalt oxide powder (II, III) having anaverage particle size of 50 nm or less (available from Sigma-AldrichJapan LLC) was mixed with MFI type silicalite, and a functionalstructural body in which cobalt oxide nanoparticles were attached as thefunctional substance to the outer surface of the silicalite as theskeletal body. MFI type silicalite was synthesized in the similar manneras in Examples 52 to 57 except for a step of adding a metal.

Comparative Example 2

In Comparative Example 2, MFI type silicalite was synthesized in thesimilar manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the step ofattaching the cobalt oxide nanoparticles was omitted.

Examples 385 to 768

In Example 385 to 768, precursor materials (C) were obtained in thesimilar manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the conditions inthe synthesis of the precursor material (A) and the fabrication of theprecursor materials (B) and (C) were changed as in Tables 9 to 16. Notethat the metal salt used in making the metal-containing aqueous solutionwas used in accordance with the type of metallic nanoparticies below of(“metallic nanoparticies: metal salt”).

-   -   Co. cobalt nitrate (II) hexahydrate (manufactured by Wako Pure        Chemical Industries, Ltd.)    -   Ni: nickel nitrate (II) hexahydrate (manufactured by Wako Pure        Chemical Industries, Ltd.)    -   Fe: iron nitrate (III) nonahydrate (manufactured by Wako Pure        Chemical Industries, Ltd.)    -   Cu: Copper nitrate (II) trihydrate (manufactured by Wako Pure        Chemical Industries, Ltd.)

Synthesis of Functional Structural Body

The precursor material (C) obtained as described above and the structurdirecting agent shown in Tables 9 to 16 were mixed to produce a mixedaqueous solution. Hydrothermal treatment was performed under theconditions of at from 80 to 350° C., at pH and time shown in Tables 9 to16 in a sealed container. Thereafter, the produced precipitate wasfiltered off, washed with water, dried at 100° C. for 12 hours orlonger, and then sintered in air at 600° C. for 24 hours. The sinteredproduct was then recovered and reduction treatment was performed underthe inflow of hydrogen gas at 400° C. for 350 minutes to obtainfunctional structural bodies containing the skeletal body shown inTables 9 to 19 and metallic nanoparticles as the functional substance(Examples 385 to 768).

Evaluation

Various characteristic evaluations were performed on the functionalstructural bodies of the above examples and the silicalite of thecomparative examples under the conditions described below.

[A] Cross Sectional Observation

An observation sample was produced using a pulverization method for thefunctional structural body of the examples described above and thecobalt oxide nanoparticles adhering silicalite of Comparative Example 1,and the cross section observation was performed using a transmissionelectron microscope (TEM) (TITAN G2, available from FEI).

As a result, it was confirmed that, in the functional structural body ofthe example described above, the functional substance is embedded andheld inside the skeletal body made from silicalite or zeolite (iscapsuled in silicalite or zeolite). On the other hand, in the silicaliteof Comparative Example 1, the functional substances were only attachedto the outer surface of the skeletal body and were not present insidethe skeletal body.

In addition, of the examples described above, FeOx nano-particles werecapsuled in the functional structure cut out by FIB (focused ion beam)processing, and the section element analysis was performed using SEM(SU8020, available from Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation), EDX(X-Max, available from Horiba, Ltd.). As a result, elements Fe weredetected from inside the skeletal body.

It was confirmed that iron oxide nanoparticles were present in theskeletal body from the results of the cross-sectional observation usingTEM and. SEM/EDX.

[B] Average Inner Diameter of the Channel the Skeletal Body and AverageParticle Size of the Functional Substance

In the TEM image taken by the cross-sectional observation performed inevaluation [A] above, 500 channels of the skeletal body were randomlyselected, and the respective major diameter and the minor diameter weremeasured, and the respective inner diameters were calculated from theaverage values (N=500), and the average value of the inner diameter wasdetermined to be the average inner diameter D_(F) of the channel of theskeletal body. In addition, for the functional substances, 500functional substances were randomly selected from the TEM image, and therespective particle sizes were measured (N=500), and the average valuethereof was determined to be the average particle size D_(C) of thefunctional substance. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 16.

Also, SAXS (small angle X-ray scattering) was used to analyze theaverage particle size and dispersion status of the functional substance.Measurements by SAXS were performed using a Spring-8 beam line BL19B2.The obtained SAXS data was fitted with a spherical model using theGuinier approximation method, and the particle size was calculated.Particle size was measured for the functional structural body in whichthe metal oxide is iron oxide nanoparticles. Furthermore, as acomparative reference, a commercially available iron oxide nanoparticles(available from Wako) was observed and measured on SEM.

As a result, in commercial products, various sizes of iron oxidenanoparticles were randomly present in a range of particle sizes ofapproximately 50 nm to 400 nm, whereas in the measurement results ofSAXS, scattering peaks with particle sizes of 10 nm or less were alsodetected in the functional structural bodies of each example having anaverage particle size from L2 nm to 2.0 nm determined from the TEMimage. From the results of SAXS measurement and the SEM/EDXcross-sectional measurement, it was found that functional substanceshaving a particle size of 10 nm or less are present in the skeletal bodyin a dispersed state with an array of particle sizes and very highdispersion. In addition, in the functional structural body of Examples385 to 768, the reduction treatment was performed at 400° C. or higher,but the particle size of 10 nm or less was maintained in each exampleafter Example 385 and having an average particle size from 1.2 nm to 2.0nm determined from the TEM image.

[C] Relationship Between the Added Amount of the Metal-ContainingSolution and the Amount of Metal Embedded in the Skeletal Body

A functional structural body in which metal oxide nanoparticles wereembedded in the skeletal body at added amount of the ratio of number ofatoms of Si/M=50, 100, 200, 1,000 (M=Co, Ni, Fe, Cu) was produced, andthen the amount of metal (mass %) that was embedded in the skeletal bodyof the functional structural body produced at the above added amount wasmeasured. Note that in the present measurement, a functional structuralbody having the ratio of number of atoms of Si/M=100, 200, 1000 isproduced by adjusting the added amount of the metal-containing solutionin the same manner as the functional structural body of the Si/M=100,200, 1000 ratio of number of atoms of Examples 1 to 384, and Functionalstructural bodies with Si/M=50 ratio of number of atoms were made in thesame manner as the functional structural body with the ratio of numberof atoms of Si/M=100, 200, 1000, except that the added amount of themetal-containing solution was varied.

The amount of metal was quantified by ICP (radiofrequency inductivelycoupled plasma) alone or in combination with ICP and XRF (fluorescenceX-ray analysis). XRF (energy dispersive fluorescent x-ray analyzer“SEA1200VX”, available from SSI Nanotechnology) was performed underconditions of a vacuum atmosphere, an accelerating voltage 15 kV (usinga Cr filter), or an accelerating voltage 50 kV (using a Pb filter).

XRF is a method for calculating the amount of metal present in terms offluorescence intensity, and XRF alone cannot calculate a quantitativevalue (in terms of mass %). Therefore, the metal content of thefunctional structural body to which the metal was added at Si/M=100 wasdetermined by ICP analysis, and the metal content of the functionalstructural body in which the metal was added at Si/M=50 and less than100 was calculated based on XRF measurement results and ICP measurementresults.

As a result, it was confirmed that the amount of metal embedded in thefunctional structural body increases as the added amount of themetal-containing solution increases, at least within a range that theratio of numbers of atom is within 50 to 1000.

[D] Performance Evaluation

The catalytic capacity (performance) of the functional substances(catalytic substances) was evaluated for the functional structuralbodies of the examples described above and the silicalite of thecomparative examples. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 16.

(1) Catalytic Activity

The catalytic activity was evaluated under the following conditions:

First. 0.2 g of the functional structural body was charged in a normalpressure flow reactor, and a decomposition reaction of butyl benzene(model material for heavy oil) was performed with nitrogen gas (N₂) as acarrier gas (5 ml/min) at 400° C. for 2 hours.

After completion of the reaction, the generated gas and the generatedliquid that were collected were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) andgas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for the composition.

Note that, as the analysis device, TRACE 1310 GC (available from ThermoFisher Scientific Inc., detector: thermal conductivity detector, flameionization detector), and TRACE DSQ (Thermo Fischer Scientific Inc.,detector: mass detector, ionization method: EI (ion source temperature250° C., MS transfer line temperature of 320° C.)) were used.

Furthermore, based on the results of the component analysis describedabove, the yield (mol %) of a compound having a molecular weight lowerthan that of butylbenzene (specifically, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene,styrene, cumene, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, butane,butene, and the like) was calculated. The yield of the compound wascalculated as the percentage (mol %) of the total amount (mol) of theamount of the compound having a lower molecular weight than thebutylbenzene contained in the production liquid (mol %) relative to theamount of butyl benzene material (mol) prior to the reaction.

In the present example, when the yield of a compound having a molecularweight lower than that of butyl benzene contained in the product liquidis 40 mol % or greater, it is determined that catalyst activity(resolution) is excellent, and considered as “A”. When it is 25 mol % orgreater and less than 40 mol %, it is determined that catalyst activityis good, and considered as “B”. When it is 10 mol % or greater and lessthan 25 mol %, it is determined that catalyst activity is not good, butis pass level (acceptable), and considered as “C”. When it is less than10 mol %, it is determined that catalyst activity is poor (not pass),and considered as “D”.

(2) Durability (Life Time)

The durability was evaluated under the following conditions:

First, the functional structural body used in evaluation (1) above wasrecovered and heated at 65° C. for 12 hours to produce a functionalstructural body after heating. Next, a decomposition reaction of butylbenzene (model material of heavy oil) was performed by the similarmethod as in evaluation (1) above using the obtained functionalstructural body after heating, and component analysis of the generatedgas and the generated liquid was performed in the similar manner as inthe above evaluation (1).

Based on the obtained analytical results, the yield (mol %) of acompound having a molecular weight lower than that of butylbenzen.e wasdetermined in the similar manner as in evaluation (1) above.Furthermore, the degree of maintaining the yield of the above compoundby the functional structural body after heating was compared to theyield of the above compound by the functional structural body prior toheating (the yield determined in evaluation (1) above). Specifically,the percentage (%) of the yield of the compound obtained by thefunctional structural body after heating (yield determined by evaluation(2) above) to the yield of the above compound by the functionalstructural body prior to heating (yield determined by the presentevaluation (1) above) was calculated.

In the present embodiment, when the yield of the compound (yielddetermined by the present evaluation (2)) of the above compound due tothe functional structural body after heating (yield determined by thepresent evaluation (2)) is maintained at least 80% compared to the yieldof the compound obtained by the functional structural body prior toheating (yield determined by evaluation (I) above), it is determinedthat durability (heat resistance) is excellent, and considered as “A”.When it is maintained 60% or greater and less than 80%, it is determinedthat durability (heat resistance) good, and considered as “B”. When itis maintained 40% or greater and less than 60%, it is determined thatdurability (heat resistance) is not good, but is pass level(acceptable), and considered as “C”. When it is reduced below 40%, it isdetermined that durability (heat resistance) is poor (not pass), andconsidered as “D”.

Performance evaluations similar to those of evaluation (1) and (2) abovewere also performed on Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Note thatComparative Example 2 contains the skeletal body only, and do notcontain the functional substance. Therefore, in the performanceevaluation described above, only the skeletal body of ComparativeExample 2 was charged in place of the functional structural body. Theresults are shown in Table 8.

TABLE 1 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toHydrothermal Precursor Material (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 1 MCM-41 1.3 Yes 1000 TEABr 12120 Example 2 500 Example 3 200 Example 4 100 Example 5 2.0 Example 62.4 Example 7 2.6 Example 8 3.3 Example 9 6.6 Example 10 SBA-1 13.2Example 11 19.8 Example 12 26.4 Example 13 MCM-41 1.3 None 1000 Example14 500 Example 15 200 Example 16 100 Example 17 2.0 Example 18 2.4Example 19 2.6 Example 20 3.3 Example 21 6.6 Example 22 SBA-1 13.2Example 23 19.8 Example 24 26.4 Example 25 MCM-41 1.1 Yes 1000 11 72Example 26 500 Example 27 200 Example 28 100 Example 29 1.6 Example 302.0 Example 31 2.2 Example 32 2.7 Example 33 5.4 Example 34 SBA-1 10.9Example 35 16.3 Example 36 21.8 Example 37 MCM-41 1.1 None 1000 Example38 500 Example 39 200 Example 40 100 Example 41 1.6 Example 42 2.0Example 43 2.2 Example 44 2.7 Example 45 5.4 Example 46 SBA-1 10.9Example 47 16.3 Example 48 21.8 Functional Structural Body Skeletal bodyFunctional Zeolite-Type Substance Compound Metal Oxide AverageNanoparticles Inner Average Performance Diameter of particle EvaluationChannels D_(F) size D_(C) Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm)D_(C)/D_(F) Activity Durability Example 1 FAU 0.74 CoO_(x) 0.13 0.2 C CExample 2 0.40 0.5 C C Example 3 0.66 0.9 B C Example 4 1.32 1.8 A BExample 5 1.98 2.7 A B Example 6 2.38 3.2 A A Example 7 2.64 3.6 A AExample 8 3.30 4.5 A A Example 9 6.61 8.9 B A Example 10 13.21 17.9 B AExample 11 19.82 26.8 C A Example 12 26.43 35.7 C A Example 13 0.13 0.2C C Example 14 0.40 0.5 C C Example 15 0.66 0.9 B C Example 16 1.32 1.8A B Example 17 1.98 2.7 A B Example 18 2.38 3.2 B A Example 19 2.64 3.6B A Example 20 3.30 4.5 B A Example 21 6.61 8.9 C A Example 22 13.2117.9 C A Example 23 19.82 26.8 C A Example 24 26.43 35.7 C A Example 25MTW 0.61 0.11 0.2 C C Example 26 0.33 0.5 C C Example 27 0.54 0.9 B CExample 28 1.09 1.8 A B Example 29 1.63 2.7 A B Example 30 1.96 3.2 A BExample 31 2.18 3.6 A A Example 32 2.72 4.5 A A Example 33 5.45 8.9 B AExample 34 10.89 17.9 B A Example 35 16.34 26.8 C A Example 36 21.7935.7 C A Example 37 0.11 0.2 C C Example 38 0.33 0.5 C C Example 39 0.540.9 B C Example 40 1.09 1.8 A B Example 41 1.63 2.7 A B Example 42 1.963.2 A B Example 43 2.18 3.6 B A Example 44 2.72 4.5 B A Example 45 5.458.9 C A Example 46 10.89 17.9 C A Example 47 16.34 26.8 C A Example 4821.79 35.7 C A

TABLE 2 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toHydrothermal Precursor Material (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 49 MCM-41 1.0 Yes 1000 TPABr 1272 Example 50 1.0 500 Example 51 1.0 200 Example 52 1.0 100 Example 531.5 Example 54 1.8 Example 55 2.0 Example 56 2.5 Example 57 5.0 Example58 SBA-1 10.0 Example 59 15.0 Example 60 20.0 Example 61 MCM-41 1.0 None1000 Example 62 1.0 500 Example 63 1.0 200 Example 64 1.0 100 Example 651.5 Example 66 1.8 Example 67 2.0 Example 68 2.5 Example 69 5.0 Example70 SBA-1 10.0 Example 71 15.0 Example 72 20.0 Example 73 MCM-41 1.0 Yes1000 TMABr 12 120 Example 74 1.0 500 Example 75 1.0 200 Example 76 1.0100 Example 77 1.5 Example 78 1.8 Example 79 2.0 Example 80 2.5 Example81 5.1 Example 82 SBA-1 10.2 Example 83 15.3 Example 84 20.4 Example 85MCM-41 1.0 None 1000 Example 86 1.0 500 Example 87 1.0 200 Example 881.0 100 Example 89 1.5 Example 90 1.8 Example 91 2.0 Example 92 2.5Example 93 5.1 Example 94 SBA-1 10.2 Example 95 15.3 Example 96 20.4Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Functional Zeolite-TypeSubstance Compound Metal Oxide Average Nanoparticles Inner AveragePerformance Diameter of particle Evaluation Channels D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 49 MFI 0.56 CoO_(x) 0.10 0.2 C C Example 50 0.56 0.30 0.5 C CExample 51 0.56 0.50 0.9 B C Example 52 0.56 1.00 1.8 A B Example 530.56 1.50 2.7 A B Example 54 0.56 1.08 3.2 A A Example 55 0.56 2.00 3.6A A Example 56 0.56 2.50 4.5 A A Example 57 0.56 5.00 8.9 B A Example 580.56 10.00 17.9 B A Example 59 0.56 15.00 26.8 C A Example 60 0.56 20.0035.7 C A Example 61 0.56 0.10 0.2 C C Example 62 0.56 0.30 0.5 C CExample 63 0.56 0.50 0.9 B C Example 64 0.56 1.00 1.8 A B Example 650.56 1.50 2.7 A B Example 66 0.56 1.80 3.2 B A Example 67 0.56 2.00 3.6B A Example 68 0.56 2.50 4.5 B A Example 69 0.56 5.00 8.9 C A Example 700.56 10.00 17.9 C A Example 71 0.56 15.00 26.8 C A Example 72 0.56 20.0035.7 C A Example 73 FER 0.57 0.10 0.2 C C Example 74 0.57 0.31 0.5 C CExample 75 0.57 0.51 0.9 B C Example 76 0.57 1.02 1.8 A B Example 770.57 1.53 2.7 A B Example 78 0.57 1.83 3.2 A B Example 79 0.57 2.04 3.6A A Example 80 0.57 2.54 4.5 A A Example 81 0.57 5.09 8.9 B A Example 820.57 10.18 17.9 B A Example 83 0.57 15.27 26.8 C A Example 84 0.57 20.3635.7 C A Example 85 0.57 0.10 0.2 C C Example 86 0.57 0.31 0.5 C CExample 87 0.57 0.51 0.9 B C Example 88 0.57 1.02 1.8 A B Example 890.57 1.53 2.7 A B Example 90 0.57 1.83 3.2 A B Example 91 0.57 2.04 3.6B A Example 92 0.57 2.54 4.5 B A Example 93 0.57 5.09 8.9 C A Example 940.57 10.18 17.9 C A Example 95 0.57 15.27 26.8 C A Example 96 0.57 20.3635.7 C A

TABLE 3 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toHydrothermal Precursor Material (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 97 MCM 41 1.3 Yes 1000 TEABr 12120 Example 98 500 Example 99 200 Example 100 100 Example 101 2.0Example 102 2.4 Example 103 2.6 Example 104 3.3 Example 105 6.6 Example106 SBA 1 13.2 Example 107 19.8 Example 108 26.4 Example 109 MCM-41 1.3None 1000 Example 110 500 Example 111 200 Example 112 100 Example 1132.0 Example 114 2.4 Example 115 2.6 Example 116 3.3 Example 117 6.6Example 118 SBA-1 13.2 Example 119 19.8 Example 120 26.4 Example 121MCM-41 1.1 Yes 1000 11 72 Example 122 500 Example 123 200 Example 124100 Example 125 1.6 Example 126 2.0 Example 127 2.2 Example 128 2.7Example 129 5.4 Example 130 SBA-1 10.9 Example 131 16.3 Example 132 21.8Example 133 MCM-41 1.1 None 1000 Example 134 500 Example 135 200 Example136 100 Example 137 1.6 Example 138 2.0 Example 139 2.2 Example 140 2.7Example 141 5.4 Example 142 SBA-1 10.9 Example 143 16.3 Example 144 21.8Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Functional Zeolite-TypeSubstance Compound Metal Oxide Average Nanoparticles Inner AveragePerformance Diameter of particle Evaluation Channels D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 97 FAU 0.74 NiO_(x) 0.13 0.2 C C Example 98 0.40 0.5 C C Example99 0.66 0.9 B C Example 100 1.32 1.8 A B Example 101 1.98 2.7 A BExample 102 2.38 3.2 A A Example 103 2.64 3.6 A A Example 104 3.30 4.5 AA Example 105 6.61 8.9 B A Example 106 13.21 17.9 B A Example 107 19.8226.8 C A Example 108 26.43 35.7 C A Example 109 0.13 0.2 C C Example 1100.40 0.5 C C Example 111 0.66 0.9 B C Example 112 1.32 1.8 A B Example113 1.98 2.7 A B Example 114 2.38 3.2 B A Example 115 2.64 3.6 B AExample 116 3.30 4.5 B A Example 117 6.61 8.9 C A Example 118 13.21 17.9C A Example 119 19.82 26.8 C A Example 120 26.43 35.7 C A Example 121MTW 0.61 0.11 0.2 C C Example 122 0.33 0.5 C C Example 123 0.54 0.9 B CExample 124 1.09 1.8 A B Example 125 1.63 2.7 A B Example 126 1.96 3.2 AB Example 127 2.18 3.6 A A Example 128 2.72 4.5 A A Example 129 5.45 8.9B A Example 130 10.89 17.9 B A Example 131 16.34 26.8 C A Example 13221.79 35.7 C A Example 133 0.11 0.2 C C Example 134 0.33 0.5 C C Example135 0.54 0.9 B C Example 136 1.09 1.8 A B Example 137 1.63 2.7 A BExample 138 1.96 3.2 A B Example 139 2.18 3.6 B A Example 140 2.72 4.5 BA Example 141 5.45 8.9 C A Example 142 10.89 17.9 C A Example 143 16.3426.8 C A Example 144 21.79 35.7 C A

TABLE 4 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toHydrothermal Precursor Material (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 145 MCM-41 1.0 Yes 1000 TEABr12 72 Example 146 1.0 500 Example 147 1.0 200 Example 148 1.0 100Example 149 1.5 Example 150 1.8 Example 151 2.0 Example 152 2.5 Example153 5.0 Example 154 SBA-1 10.0 Example 155 15.0 Example 156 20.0 Example157 MCM-41 1.0 None 1000 Example 158 1.0 500 Example 159 1.0 200 Example160 1.0 100 Example 161 1.5 Example 162 1.8 Example 163 2.0 Example 1642.5 Example 165 5.0 Example 166 SBA-1 10.0 Example 167 15.0 Example 16820.0 Example 169 MCM-41 1.0 Yes 1000 TMABr 12 120 Example 170 1.0 500Example 171 1.0 200 Example 172 1.0 100 Example 173 1.5 Example 174 1.8Example 175 2.0 Example 176 2.5 Example 177 5.1 Example 178 SBA-1 10.2Example 179 15.3 Example 180 20.4 Example 181 MCM-41 1.0 None 1000Example 182 1.0 500 Example 183 1.0 200 Example 184 1.0 100 Example 1851.5 Example 186 1.8 Example 187 2.0 Example 188 2.5 Example 189 5.1Example 190 SBA-1 10.2 Example 191 15.3 Example 192 20.4 FunctionalStructural Body Skeletal Body Functional Zeolite-Type Substance CompoundMetal Oxide Average Nanoparticles Inner Average Performance Diameter ofparticle Evaluation Channels D_(F) size D_(C) Catalytic No. Framework(nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity Durability Example 145 MFI 0.56NiO_(x) 0.10 0.2 C C Example 146 0.56 0.30 0.5 C C Example 147 0.56 0.500.9 B C Example 148 0.56 1.00 1.8 A B Example 149 0.56 1.5 2.7 A BExample 150 0.56 1.8 3.2 A A Example 151 0.56 2.0 3.6 A A Example 1520.56 2.5 4.5 A A Example 153 0.56 5.0 8.9 B A Example 154 0.56 10.0 17.9B A Example 155 0.56 15.0 26.8 C A Example 156 0.56 20.0 35.7 C AExample 157 0.56 0.10 0.2 C C Example 158 0.56 0.30 0.5 C C Example 1590.56 0.50 0.9 B C Example 160 0.56 1.0 1.8 A B Example 161 0.56 1.5 2.7A B Example 162 0.56 1.8 3.2 B A Example 163 0.56 2.0 3.6 B A Example164 0.56 2.5 4.5 B A Example 165 0.56 5.0 8.9 C A Example 166 0.56 10.017.9 C A Example 167 0.56 15.0 26.8 C A Example 168 0.56 20.0 35.7 C AExample 169 FER 0.57 0.10 0.2 C C Example 170 0.57 0.31 0.5 C C Example171 0.57 0.51 0.9 B C Example 172 0.57 1.02 1.8 A B Example 173 0.57 1.52.7 A B Example 174 0.57 1.8 3.2 A B Example 175 0.57 2.0 3.6 A AExample 176 0.57 2.5 4.5 A A Example 177 0.57 5.1 8.9 B A Example 1780.57 10.2 17.9 B A Example 179 0.57 15.3 26.8 C A Example 180 0.57 20.435.7 C A Example 181 0.57 0.10 0.2 C C Example 182 0.57 0.31 0.5 C CExample 183 0.57 0.51 0.9 B C Example 184 0.57 1.0 1.8 A B Example 1850.57 1.5 2.7 A B Example 186 0.57 1.8 3.2 A B Example 187 0.57 2.0 3.6 BA Example 188 0.57 2.5 4.5 B A Example 189 0.57 5.1 8.9 C A Example 1900.57 10.2 17.9 C A Example 191 0.57 15.3 26.8 C A Example 192 0.57 20.435.7 C A

TABLE 5 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toHydrothermal Precursor Material (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 193 MCM-41 1.3 Yes 1000 TEABr12 120 Example 194 500 Example 195 200 Example 196 100 Example 197 2.0Example 198 2.4 Example 199 2.6 Example 200 3.3 Example 201 6.6 Example202 SBA-1 13.2 Example 203 19.8 Example 204 26.4 Example 205 MCM-41 1.3None 1000 Example 206 500 Example 207 200 Example 208 100 Example 2092.0 Example 210 2.4 Example 211 2.6 Example 212 3.3 Example 213 6.6Example 214 SBA-1 13.2 Example 215 19.8 Example 216 26.4 Example 217MCM-41 1.1 Yes 1000 11 72 Example 218 500 Example 219 200 Example 220100 Example 221 1.6 Example 222 2.0 Example 223 2.2 Example 224 2.7Example 225 5.4 Example 226 SBA-1 10.9 Example 227 16.3 Example 228 21.8Example 229 MCM-41 1.1 None 1000 Example 230 500 Example 231 200 Example232 100 Example 233 1.6 Example 234 2.0 Example 235 2.2 Example 236 2.7Example 237 5.4 Example 238 SBA-1 10.9 Example 239 16.3 Example 240 21.8Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Functional Zeolite-TypeSubstance Compound Metal Oxide Average Nanoparticles Inner AveragePerformance Diameter of particle Evaluation Channels D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 193 FAU 0.74 FeO_(x) 0.13 0.2 C C Example 194 0.40 0.5 C CExample 195 0.66 0.9 B C Example 196 1.32 1.8 A B Example 197 1.98 2.7 AB Example 198 2.38 3.2 A A Example 199 2.64 3.6 A A Example 200 3.30 4.5A A Example 201 6.61 8.9 B A Example 202 13.21 17.9 B A Example 20319.82 26.8 C A Example 204 26.43 35.7 C A Example 205 0.13 0.2 C CExample 206 0.40 0.5 C C Example 207 0.66 0.9 B C Example 208 1.32 1.8 AB Example 209 1.98 2.7 A B Example 210 2.38 3.2 B A Example 211 2.64 3.6B A Example 212 3.30 4.5 B A Example 213 6.61 8.9 C A Example 214 13.2117.9 C A Example 215 19.82 26.8 C A Example 216 26.43 35.7 C A Example217 MTW 0.61 0.11 0.2 C C Example 218 0.33 0.5 C C Example 219 0.54 0.9B C Example 220 1.09 1.8 A B Example 221 1.63 2.7 A B Example 222 1.963.2 A B Example 223 2.18 3.6 A A Example 224 2.72 4.5 A A Example 2255.45 8.9 B A Example 226 10.89 17.9 B A Example 227 16.34 26.8 C AExample 228 21.79 35.7 C A Example 229 0.11 0.2 C C Example 230 0.33 0.5C C Example 231 0.54 0.9 B C Example 232 1.09 1.8 A B Example 233 1.632.7 A B Example 234 1.96 3.2 A B Example 235 2.18 3.6 B A Example 2362.72 4.5 B A Example 237 5.45 8.9 C A Example 238 10.89 17.9 C A Example239 16.34 26.8 C A Example 240 21.79 35.7 C A

TABLE 6 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toHydrothermal Precursor Material (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 241 MCM-41 1.0 Yes 1000 TPABr12 72 Example 242 1.0 500 Example 243 1.0 200 Example 244 1.0 100Example 245 1.5 Example 246 1.8 Example 247 2.0 Example 248 2.5 Example249 5.0 Example 250 SBA-1 10.0 Example 251 15.0 Example 252 20.0 Example253 MCM-41 1.0 None 1000 Example 254 1.0 500 Example 255 1.0 200 Example256 1.0 100 Example 257 1.5 Example 258 1.8 Example 259 2.0 Example 2602.5 Example 261 5.0 Example 262 SBA-1 10.0 Example 263 15.0 Example 26420.0 Example 265 MCM-41 1.0 Yes 1000 TMABr 12 120 Example 266 1.0 500Example 267 1.0 200 Example 268 1.0 100 Example 269 1.5 Example 270 1.8Example 271 2.0 Example 272 2.5 Example 273 5.1 Example 274 SBA-1 10.2Example 275 15.3 Example 276 20.4 Example 277 MCM-41 1.0 None 1000Example 278 1.0 500 Example 279 1.0 200 Example 280 1.0 100 Example 2811.5 Example 282 1.8 Example 283 2.0 Example 284 2.5 Example 285 5.1Example 286 SBA-1 10.2 Example 287 15.3 Example 288 20.4 FunctionalStructural Body Skeletal Body Functional Zeolite-Type Substance CompoundMetal Oxide Average Nanoparticles Inner Average Performance Diameter ofparticle Evaluation Channels D_(F) size D_(C) Catalytic No. Framework(nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity Durability Example 241 MFI 0.56FeO_(x) 0.10 0.2 C C Example 242 0.56 0.30 0.5 C C Example 243 0.56 0.500.9 B C Example 244 0.56 1.00 1.8 A B Example 245 0.56 1.50 2.7 A BExample 246 0.56 1.80 3.2 A A Example 247 0.56 2.00 3.6 A A Example 2480.56 2.50 4.5 A A Example 249 0.56 5.00 8.9 B A Example 250 0.56 10.0017.9 B A Example 251 0.56 15.00 26.8 C A Example 252 0.56 20.00 35.7 C AExample 253 0.56 0.10 0.2 C C Example 254 0.56 0.30 0.5 C C Example 2550.56 0.50 0.9 B C Example 256 0.56 1.00 1.8 A B Example 257 0.56 1.502.7 A B Example 258 0.56 1.80 3.2 B A Example 259 0.56 2.00 3.6 B AExample 260 0.56 2.50 4.5 B A Example 261 0.56 5.00 8.9 C A Example 2620.56 10.00 17.9 C A Example 263 0.56 15.00 26.8 C A Example 264 0.5620.00 35.7 C A Example 265 FER 0.57 0.10 0.2 C C Example 266 0.57 0.310.5 C C Example 267 0.57 0.51 0.9 B C Example 268 0.57 1.02 1.8 A BExample 269 0.57 1.53 2.7 A B Example 270 0.57 1.83 3.2 A B Example 2710.57 2.04 3.6 A A Example 272 0.57 2.54 4.5 A A Example 273 0.57 5.098.9 B A Example 274 0.57 10.18 17.9 B A Example 275 0.57 15.27 26.8 C AExample 276 0.57 20.36 35.7 C A Example 277 0.57 0.10 0.2 C C Example278 0.57 0.31 0.5 C C Example 279 0.57 0.51 0.9 B C Example 280 0.571.02 1.8 A B Example 281 0.57 1.53 2.7 A B Example 282 0.57 1.83 3.2 A BExample 283 0.57 2.04 3.6 B A Example 284 0.57 2.54 4.5 B A Example 2850.57 5.09 8.9 C A Example 286 0.57 10.18 17.9 C A Example 287 0.57 15.2726.8 C A Example 288 0.57 20.36 35.7 C A

TABLE 7 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toHydrothermal Precursor Material (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 289 MCM-41 1.3 1000 TEABr 12120 Example 290 500 Example 291 200 Example 292 100 Example 293 2.0Example 294 2.4 Example 295 2.6 Example 296 3.3 Example 297 6.6 Example298 SBA-1 13.2 Example 299 19.8 Example 300 26.4 Example 301 MCM-41 1.3None 1000 Example 302 500 Example 303 200 Example 304 100 Example 3052.0 Example 306 2.4 Example 307 2.6 Example 308 3.3 Example 309 6.6Example 310 SBA-1 13.2 Example 311 19.8 Example 312 26.4 Example 313MCM-41 1.1 Yes 1000 11 72 Example 314 500 Example 315 200 Example 316100 Example 317 1.6 Example 318 2.0 Example 319 2.2 Example 320 2.7Example 321 5.4 Example 322 SBA-1 10.9 Example 323 16.3 Example 324 21.8Example 325 MCM-41 1.1 None 1000 Example 326 500 Example 327 200 Example328 100 Example 329 1.6 Example 330 2.0 Example 331 2.2 Example 332 2.7Example 333 5.4 Example 334 SBA-1 10.9 Example 335 16.3 Example 336 21.8Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Functional Zeolite-TypeSubstance Compound Metal Oxide Average Nanoparticles Inner AveragePerformance Diameter of particle Evaluation Channels D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 289 FAU 0.74 CuO_(x) 0.13 0.2 C C Example 290 0.40 0.5 B CExample 291 0.66 0.9 A B Example 292 1.32 1.8 A B Example 293 1.98 2.7 AA Example 294 2.38 3.2 A A Example 295 2.64 3.6 A A Example 296 3.30 4.5B A Example 297 6.61 8.9 B A Example 298 13.21 17.9 C A Example 29919.82 26.8 C A Example 300 26.43 35.7 C C Example 301 0.13 0.2 C CExample 302 0.40 0.5 B C Example 303 0.66 0.9 A B Example 304 1.32 1.8 AB Example 305 1.98 2.7 A B Example 306 2.38 3.2 B A Example 307 2.64 3.6B A Example 308 3.30 4.5 B A Example 309 6.61 8.9 C A Example 310 13.2117.9 C A Example 311 19.82 26.8 C A Example 312 26.43 35.7 C A Example313 MTW 0.61 0.11 0.2 C C Example 314 0.33 0.5 C C Example 315 0.54 0.9B C Example 316 1.09 1.8 A B Example 317 1.63 2.7 A B Example 318 1.963.2 A B Example 319 2.18 3.6 A A Example 320 2.72 4.5 A A Example 3215.45 8.9 B A Example 322 10.89 17.9 B A Example 323 16.34 26.8 C AExample 324 21.79 35.7 C A Example 325 0.11 0.2 C C Example 326 0.33 0.5C C Example 327 0.54 0.9 B C Example 328 1.09 1.8 A B Example 329 1.632.7 A B Example 330 1.96 3.2 A B Example 331 2.18 3.6 B A Example 3322.72 4.5 B A Example 333 5.45 8.9 C A Example 334 10.89 17.9 C A Example335 16.34 26.8 C A Example 336 21.79 35.7 C A

TABLE 8 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toPrecursor Material Hydrothermal (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio using Precursor Precursor of Added Amount Material (C) Material(A) of Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 337 MCM 1.0 Yes 1000 TPABr 1272 Example 338 41 1.0 500 Example 339 1.0 200 Example 340 1.0 100Example 341 1.5 Example 342 1.8 Example 343 2.0 Example 344 2.5 Example345 5.0 Example 346 SBA-1 10.0 Example 347 15.0 Example 348 20.0 Example349 MCM- 1.0 None 1000 Example 350 41 1.0 500 Example 351 1.0 200Example 352 1.0 100 Example 353 1.5 Example 354 1.8 Example 355 2.0Example 356 2.5 Example 357 5.0 Example 358 SBA-1 10.0 Example 359 15.0Example 360 20.0 Example 361 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TMABr 12 120 Example 36241 1.0 500 Example 363 1.0 200 Example 364 1.0 100 Example 365 1.5Example 366 1.8 Example 367 2.0 Example 368 2.5 Example 369 5.1 Example370 SBA-1 10.2 Example 371 15.3 Example 372 20.4 Example 373 MCM- 1.0None 1000 Example 374 41 1.0 500 Example 375 1.0 200 Example 376 1.0 100Example 377 1.5 Example 378 1.8 Example 379 2.0 Example 380 2.5 Example381 5.1 Example 382 SBA-1 10.2 Example 383 15.3 Example 384 20.4Comparative — Example 1 Comparative — Example 1 Functional StructuralBody Skeletal Body Zeolite-Type Compound Functional Average SubstanceInner Metal Oxide Diameter Nanoparticles of Average Performance Channelsparticle Evaluation D_(F) size D_(C) Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type(nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity Durability Example 337 MFI 0.56 CuO_(x) 0.100.2 C C Example 338 0.56 0.30 0.5 C C Example 339 0.56 0.50 0.9 B CExample 340 0.56 1.00 1.8 A B Example 341 0.56 1.50 2.7 A B Example 3420.56 1.80 3.2 A A Example 343 0.56 2.00 3.6 A A Example 344 0.56 2.504.5 A A Example 345 0.56 5.00 8.9 B A Example 346 0.56 10.00 17.9 B AExample 347 0.56 15.00 26.8 C A Example 348 0.56 20.00 35.7 C A Example349 0.56 0.10 0.2 C C Example 350 0.56 0.30 0.5 C C Example 351 0.560.50 0.9 B C Example 352 0.56 1.00 1.8 A B Example 353 0.56 1.50 2.7 A BExample 354 0.56 1.80 3.2 B A Example 355 0.56 2.00 3.6 B A Example 3560.56 2.50 4.5 B A Example 357 0.56 5.00 8.9 C A Example 358 0.56 10.0017.9 C A Example 359 0.56 15.00 26.8 C A Example 360 0.56 20.00 35.7 C AExample 361 FER 0.57 0.10 0.2 C C Example 362 0.57 0.31 0.5 C C Example363 0.57 0.51 0.9 B C Example 364 0.57 1.02 1.8 A B Example 365 0.571.53 2.7 A B Example 366 0.57 1.83 3.2 A B Example 367 0.57 2.04 3.6 A AExample 368 0.57 2.54 4.5 A A Example 369 0.57 5.09 8.9 B A Example 3700.57 10.18 17.9 B A Example 371 0.57 15.27 26.8 C A Example 372 0.5720.36 35.7 C A Example 373 0.57 0.10 0.2 C C Example 374 0.57 0.31 0.5 CC Example 375 0.57 0.51 0.9 B C Example 376 0.57 1.02 1.8 A B Example377 0.57 1.53 2.7 A B Example 378 0.57 1.83 3.2 A B Example 379 0.572.04 3.6 B A Example 380 0.57 2.54 4.5 B A Example 381 0.57 5.09 8.9 C AExample 382 0.57 10.18 17.9 C A Example 383 0.57 15.27 26.8 C A Example384 0.57 20.36 35.7 C A Comparative MFI type 0.56 CoO_(x) ≤50 ≤67.6 C DExample 1 silicalite Comparative MFI type 0.56 — — — D D Example 1silicalite

TABLE 9 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toPrecursor Material Hydrothermal (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 385 MCM- 1.3 Yes 1000 TEABr 12120 Example 386 41 500 Example 387 200 Example 388 100 Example 389 2.0Example 390 2.4 Example 391 2.6 Example 392 3.3 Example 393 6.6 Example394 SBA-1 13.2 Example 395 19.8 Example 396 26.4 Example 397 MCM- 1.3None 1000 Example 398 41 500 Example 399 200 Example 400 100 Example 4012.0 Example 402 2.4 Example 403 2.6 Example 404 3.3 Example 405 6.6Example 406 SBA-1 13.2 Example 407 19.8 Example 408 26.4 Example 409MCM- 1.1 Yes 1000 11 72 Example 410 41 500 Example 411 200 Example 412100 Example 413 1.6 Example 414 2.0 Example 415 2.2 Example 416 2.7Example 417 5.4 Example 418 SBA-1 10.9 Example 419 16.3 Example 420 21.8Example 421 MCM- 1.1 None 1000 Example 422 41 500 Example 423 200Example 424 100 Example 425 1.6 Example 426 2.0 Example 427 2.2 Example428 2.7 Example 429 5.4 Example 430 SBA-1 10.9 Example 431 16.3 Example432 21.8 Functional structural Body Skeletal Body Zeolite-TypeFunctional Compound Substance Average Metal Oxide Inner NanoparticlesDiameter of Average Performance Channels particle Evaluation D_(F) sizeD_(C) Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) ActivityDurability Example 385 FAU 0.74 Co 0.11 0.1 C C Example 386 0.74 0.320.4 C C Example 387 0.74 0.53 0.7 B C Example 388 0.74 1.06 1.4 A BExample 389 0.74 1.59 2.1 A B Example 390 0.74 1.90 2.6 A A Example 3910.74 2.11 2.9 A A Example 392 0.74 2.64 3.6 A A Example 393 0.74 5.297.1 B A Example 394 0.74 10.57 14.3 B A Example 395 0.74 15.86 21.4 C AExample 396 0.74 21.14 28.6 C A Example 397 0.74 0.11 0.1 C C Example398 0.74 0.32 0.4 C C Example 399 0.74 0.53 0.7 B C Example 400 0.741.06 1.4 A B Example 401 0.74 1.59 2.1 A B Example 402 0.74 1.90 2.6 B AExample 403 0.74 2.11 2.9 B A Example 404 0.74 2.64 3.6 B A Example 4050.74 5.29 7.1 C A Example 406 0.74 10.57 14.3 C A Example 407 0.74 15.8621.4 C A Example 408 0.74 21.14 28.6 C A Example 409 MTW 0.61 0.09 0.1 CC Example 410 0.61 0.26 0.4 C C Example 411 0.61 0.44 0.7 B C Example412 0.61 0.87 1.4 A B Example 413 0.61 1.31 2.1 A B Example 414 0.611.57 2.6 A B Example 415 0.61 1.74 2.9 A A Example 416 0.61 2.18 3.6 A AExample 417 0.61 4.36 7.1 B A Example 418 0.61 8.71 14.3 B A Example 4190.61 13.07 21.4 C A Example 420 0.61 17.43 28.6 C A Example 421 0.610.09 0.1 C C Example 422 0.61 0.26 0.4 C C Example 423 0.61 0.44 0.7 B CExample 424 0.61 0.87 1.4 A B Example 425 0.61 1.31 2.1 A B Example 4260.61 1.57 2.6 A B Example 427 0.61 1.74 2.9 B A Example 428 0.61 2.183.6 B A Example 429 0.61 4.36 7.1 C A Example 430 0.61 8.71 14.3 C AExample 431 0.61 13.07 21.4 C A Example 432 0.61 17 43 28.6 C A

TABLE 10 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toPrecursor Material Hydrothermal (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 433 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TPABr 1272 Example 434 41 1.0 500 Example 435 1.0 200 Example 436 1.0 100Example 437 1.5 Example 438 1.8 Example 439 2.0 Example 440 2.5 Example441 5.0 Example 442 SBA-1 10.0 Example 443 15.0 Example 444 20.0 Example445 MCM- 1.0 None 1000 Example 446 41 1.0 500 Example 447 1.0 200Example 448 1.0 100 Example 449 1.5 Example 450 1.8 Example 451 2.0Example 452 2.5 Example 453 5.0 Example 454 SBA-1 10.0 Example 455 15.0Example 456 20.0 Example 457 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TMABr 12 120 Example 45841 1.0 500 Example 459 1.0 200 Example 460 1.0 100 Example 461 1.5Example 462 1.8 Example 463 2.0 Example 464 2.5 Example 465 5.1 Example466 SBA-1 10.2 Example 467 15.3 Example 468 20.4 Example 469 MCM- 1.0None 1000 Example 470 41 1.0 500 Example 471 1.0 200 Example 472 1.0 100Example 473 1.5 Example 474 1.8 Example 475 2.0 Example 476 2.5 Example477 5.1 Example 478 SBA-1 10.2 Example 479 15.3 Example 480 20.4Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Zeolite-Type CompoundFunctional Average Substance Inner Metal Oxide Diameter Nanoparticles ofAverage Performance Channels particle Evaluation D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 433 MFI 0.56 Co 0.08 0.1 C C Example 434 0.56 0.24 0.4 C CExample 435 0.56 0.40 0.7 B C Example 436 0.56 0.80 1.4 A B Example 4370.56 1.20 2.1 A B Example 438 0.56 1.44 2.6 A A Example 439 0.56 1.602.9 A A Example 440 0.56 2.00 3.6 A A Example 441 0.56 4.00 7.1 B AExample 442 0.56 8.00 14.3 B A Example 443 0.56 12.00 21.4 C A Example444 0.56 16.00 28.6 C A Example 445 0.56 0.80 0.1 C C Example 446 0.560.24 0.4 C C Example 447 0.56 0.40 0.7 B C Example 448 0.56 0.80 1.4 A BExample 449 0.56 1.20 2.1 A B Example 450 0.56 1.44 2.6 B A Example 4510.56 1.60 2.9 B A Example 452 0.56 2.00 3.6 B A Example 453 0.56 4.007.1 C A Example 454 0.56 8.00 14.3 C A Example 455 0.56 12.00 21.4 C AExample 456 0.56 16.00 28.6 C A Example 457 FER 0.57 0.08 0.1 C CExample 458 0.57 0.24 0.4 C C Example 459 0.57 0.41 0.7 B C Example 4600.57 0.81 1.4 A B Example 461 0.57 1.22 2.1 A B Example 462 0.57 1.472.6 A B Example 463 0.57 1.63 2.9 A A Example 464 0.57 2.04 3.6 A AExample 465 0.57 4.07 7.1 B A Example 466 0.57 8.14 14.3 B A Example 4670.57 12.21 21.4 C A Example 468 0.57 16.29 28.6 C A Example 469 0.570.08 0.1 C C Example 470 0.57 0.24 0.4 C C Example 471 0.57 0.41 0.7 B CExample 472 0.57 0.81 1.4 A B Example 473 0.57 1.22 2.1 A B Example 4740.57 1.47 2.6 A B Example 475 0.57 1.63 2.9 B A Example 476 0.57 2.043.6 B A Example 477 0.57 4.07 7.1 C A Example 478 0.57 8.14 14.3 C AExample 479 0.57 12.21 21.4 C A Example 480 0.57 16.29 28.6 C A

TABLE 11 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toPrecursor Material Hydrothermal (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 481 MCM- 1.3 Yes 1000 TEABr 12120 Example 482 41 500 Example 483 200 Example 484 100 Example 485 2.0Example 486 2.4 Example 487 2.6 Example 488 3.3 Example 489 6.6 Example490 SBA-1 13.2 Example 491 19.8 Example 492 26.4 Example 493 MCM- 1.3None 1000 Example 494 41 500 Example 495 200 Example 496 100 Example 4972.0 Example 498 2.4 Example 499 2.6 Example 500 3.3 Example 501 6.6Example 502 SBA-1 13.2 Example 503 19.8 Example 504 26.4 Example 505MCM- 1.1 Yes 1000 Example 506 41 500 Example 507 200 Example 508 100Example 509 1.6 Example 510 2.0 Example 511 2.2 Example 512 2.7 Example513 5.4 Example 514 SBA-1 10.9 Example 515 16.3 Example 516 21.8 Example517 MCM- 1.1 None 1000 11 72 Example 518 41 500 Example 519 200 Example520 100 Example 521 1.6 Example 522 2.0 Example 523 2.2 Example 524 2.7Example 525 5.4 Example 526 SBA-1 10.9 Example 527 16.3 Example 528 21.8Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Zeolite-Type CompoundFunctional Average Substance Inner Metal Oxide Diameter Nanoparticles ofAverage Performance Channels particle Evaluation D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 481 FAU 0.74 Ni 0.11 0.1 C C Example 482 0.74 0.32 0.4 C CExample 483 0.74 0.53 0.7 B C Example 484 0.74 1.06 1.4 A B Example 4850.74 1.59 2.1 A B Example 486 0.74 1.90 2.6 A A Example 487 0.74 2.112.9 A A Example 488 0.74 2.64 3.6 A A Example 489 0.74 5.29 7.1 B AExample 490 0.74 10.57 14.3 B A Example 491 0.74 15.86 21.4 C A Example492 0.74 21.14 28.6 C A Example 493 0.74 0.11 0.1 C C Example 494 0.740.32 0.4 C C Example 495 0.74 0.53 0.7 B C Example 496 0.74 1.06 1.4 A BExample 497 0.74 1.59 2.1 A B Example 498 0.74 1.90 2.6 B A Example 4990.74 2.11 2.9 B A Example 500 0.74 2.64 3.6 B A Example 501 0.74 5.297.1 C A Example 502 0.74 10.57 14.3 C A Example 503 0.74 15.86 21.4 C AExample 504 0.74 21.14 28.6 C A Example 505 0.61 0.09 0.1 C C Example506 0.61 0.26 0.4 C C Example 507 0.61 0.44 0.7 B C Example 508 0.610.87 1.4 A B Example 509 0.61 1.31 2.1 A B Example 510 0.61 1.57 2.6 A BExample 511 0.61 1.74 2.9 A A Example 512 0.61 2.18 3.6 A A Example 5130.61 4.36 7.1 B A Example 514 0.61 8.71 14.3 B A Example 515 0.61 13.0721.4 C A Example 516 0.61 17.43 28.6 C A Example 517 MTW 0.61 0.09 0.1 CC Example 518 0.61 0.26 0.4 C C Example 519 0.61 0.44 0.7 B C Example520 0.61 0.87 1.4 A B Example 521 0.61 1.31 2.1 A B Example 522 0.611.57 2.6 A B Example 523 0.61 1.74 2.9 B A Example 524 0.61 2.18 3.6 B AExample 525 0.61 4.36 7.1 C A Example 526 0.61 8.71 14.3 C A Example 5270.61 13.07 21.4 C A Example 528 0.61 17.43 28.6 C A

TABLE 12 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body HydrothermalAddition to Precursor Material Treatment Conditions (A) using PrecursorPrecursor Conversion Ratio of Material (C) Material (A) Added Amount ofType of Pore Presence or Metal-containing Structure Diameter Absence ofSolution (atomic Directing Time No. Type (nm) Additives ratio) Si/MAgent pH (h) Example 529 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TPABr 12 72 Example 530 411.0 500 Example 531 1.0 200 Example 532 1.0 100 Example 533 1.5 Example534 1.8 Example 535 2.0 Example 536 2.5 Example 537 5.0 Example 538SBA-1 10.0 Example 539 15.0 Example 540 20.0 Example 541 MCM- 1.0 None1000 Example 542 41 1.0 500 Example 543 1.0 200 Example 544 1.0 100Example 545 1.5 Example 546 1.8 Example 547 2.0 Example 548 2.5 Example549 5.0 Example 550 SBA-1 10.0 Example 551 15.0 Example 552 20.0 Example553 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TMABr 12 120 Example 554 41 1.0 500 Example 5551.0 200 Example 556 1.0 100 Example 557 1.5 Example 558 1.8 Example 5592.0 Example 560 2.5 Example 561 5.1 Example 562 SBA-1 10.2 Example 56315.3 Example 564 20.4 Example 565 MCM- 1.0 None 1000 Example 566 41 1.0500 Example 567 1.0 200 Example 568 1.0 100 Example 569 1.5 Example 5701.8 Example 571 2.0 Example 572 2.5 Example 573 5.1 Example 574 SBA-110.2 Example 575 15.3 Example 576 20.4 Functional Structural BodySkeletal Body Zeolite-Type Compound Functional Average Substance InnerMetal Oxide Diameter Nanoparticles of Average Performance Channelsparticle Evaluation D_(F) size D_(C) Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type(nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity Durability Example 529 MFI 0.56 Ni 0.08 0.1 CC Example 530 0.56 0.24 0.4 C C Example 531 0.56 0.40 0.7 B C Example532 0.56 0.80 1.4 A B Example 533 0.56 1.20 2.1 A B Example 534 0.561.44 2.6 A A Example 535 0.56 1.60 2.9 A A Example 536 0.56 2.00 3.6 A AExample 537 0.56 4.00 7.1 B A Example 538 0.56 8.00 14.3 B A Example 5390.56 12.00 21.4 C A Example 540 0.56 16.00 28.6 C A Example 541 0.560.08 0.1 C C Example 542 0.56 0.24 0.4 C C Example 543 0.56 0.40 0.7 B CExample 544 0.56 0.80 1.4 A B Example 545 0.56 1.20 2.1 A B Example 5460.56 1.44 2.6 B A Example 547 0.56 1.60 2.9 B A Example 548 0.56 2.003.6 B A Example 549 0.56 4.00 7.1 C A Example 550 0.56 8.00 14.3 C AExample 551 0.56 12.00 21.4 C A Example 552 0.56 16.00 28.6 C A Example553 FER 0.57 0.08 0.1 C C Example 554 0.57 0.24 0.4 C C Example 555 0.570.41 0.7 B C Example 556 0.57 0.81 1.4 A B Example 557 0.57 1.22 2.1 A BExample 558 0.57 1.47 2.6 A B Example 559 0.57 1.63 2.9 A A Example 5600.57 2.04 3.6 A A Example 561 0.57 4.07 7.1 B A Example 562 0.57 8.1414.3 B A Example 563 0.57 12.21 21.4 C A Example 564 0.57 16.29 28.6 C AExample 565 0.57 0.08 0.1 C C Example 566 0.57 0.24 0.4 C C Example 5670.57 0.41 0.7 B C Example 568 0.57 0.81 1.4 A B Example 569 0.57 1.222.1 A B Example 570 0.57 1.47 2.6 A B Example 571 0.57 1.63 2.9 B AExample 572 0.57 2.04 3.6 B A Example 573 0.57 4.07 7.1 C A Example 5740.57 8.14 14.3 C A Example 575 0.57 12.21 21.4 C A Example 576 0.5716.29 28.6 C A

TABLE 13 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toPrecursor Material Hydrothermal (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructure Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 577 MCM- 1.3 Yes 1000 TEABr 12120 Example 578 41 500 Example 579 200 Example 580 100 Example 581 2.0Example 582 2.4 Example 583 2.6 Example 584 3.3 Example 585 6.6 Example586 SBA-1 13.2 Example 587 19.8 Example 588 26.4 Example 589 MCM- 1.3None 1000 Example 590 41 500 Example 591 200 Example 592 100 Example 5932.0 Example 594 2.4 Example 595 2.6 Example 596 3.3 Example 597 6.6Example 598 SBA-1 13.2 Example 599 19.8 Example 600 26.4 Example 601MCM- 1.1 Yes 1000 11 72 Example 602 41 500 Example 603 200 Example 604100 Example 605 1.6 Example 606 2.0 Example 607 2.2 Example 608 2.7Example 609 5.4 Example 610 SBA-1 10.9 Example 611 16.3 Example 612 21.8Example 613 MCM- 1.1 None 1000 Example 614 41 500 Example 615 200Example 616 100 Example 617 1.6 Example 618 2.0 Example 619 2.2 Example620 2.7 Example 621 5.4 Example 622 SBA-1 10.9 Example 623 16.3 Example624 21.8 Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Zeolite-Type CompoundFunctional Average Substance Inner Metal Oxide Diameter Nanoparticles ofAverage Performance Channels particle Evaluation D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 577 FAU 0.74 Fe 0.11 0.1 C C Example 578 0.74 0.32 0.4 C CExample 579 0.74 0.53 0.7 B C Example 580 0.74 1.06 1.4 A B Example 5810.74 1.59 2.1 A B Example 582 0.74 1.90 2.6 A A Example 583 0.74 2.112.9 A A Example 584 0.74 2.64 3.6 A A Example 585 0.74 5.29 7.1 B AExample 586 0.74 10.57 14.3 B A Example 587 0.74 15.86 21.4 C A Example588 0.74 21.14 28.6 C A Example 589 0.74 0.11 0.1 C C Example 590 0.740.32 0.4 C C Example 591 0.74 0.53 0.7 B C Example 592 0.74 1.06 1.4 A BExample 593 0.74 1.59 2.1 A B Example 594 0.74 1.90 2.6 B A Example 5950.74 2.11 2.9 B A Example 596 0.74 2.64 3.6 B A Example 597 0.74 5.297.1 C A Example 598 0.74 10.57 14.3 C A Example 599 0.74 15.86 21.4 C AExample 600 0.74 21.14 28.6 C A Example 601 MTW 0.61 0.09 0.1 C CExample 602 0.61 0.26 0.4 C C Example 603 0.61 0.44 0.7 B C Example 6040.61 0.87 1.4 A B Example 605 0.61 1.31 2.1 A B Example 606 0.61 1.572.6 A B Example 607 0.61 1.74 2.9 A A Example 608 0.61 2.18 3.6 A AExample 609 0.61 4.36 7.1 B A Example 610 0.61 8.71 14.3 B A Example 6110.61 13.07 21.4 C A Example 612 0.61 17.43 28.6 C A Example 613 0.610.09 0.1 C C Example 614 0.61 0.26 0.4 C C Example 615 0.61 0.44 0.7 B CExample 616 0.61 0.87 1.4 A B Example 617 0.61 1.31 2.1 A B Example 6180.61 1.57 2.6 A B Example 619 0.61 1.74 2.9 B A Example 620 0.61 2.183.6 B A Example 621 0.61 4.36 7.1 C A Example 622 0.61 8.71 14.3 C AExample 623 0.61 13.07 21.4 C A Example 624 0.61 17.43 28.6 C A

TABLE 14 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toPrecursor Material Hydrothermal (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructural Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 625 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TPABr 1272 Example 626 41 1.0 500 Example 627 1.0 200 Example 628 1.0 100Example 629 1.5 Example 630 1.8 Example 631 2.0 Example 632 2.5 Example633 5.0 Example 634 SBA-1 10.0 Example 635 15.0 Example 636 20.0 Example637 MCM- 1.0 None 1000 Example 638 41 1.0 500 Example 639 1.0 200Example 640 1.0 100 Example 641 1.5 Example 642 1.8 Example 643 2.0Example 644 2.5 Example 645 5.0 Example 646 SBA-1 10.0 Example 647 15.0Example 648 20.0 Example 649 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TMABr 12 120 Example 65041 1.0 500 Example 651 1.0 200 Example 652 1.0 100 Example 653 1.5Example 654 1.8 Example 655 2.0 Example 656 2.5 Example 657 5.1 Example658 SBA-1 10.2 Example 659 15.3 Example 660 20.4 Example 661 MCM- 1.0None 1000 Example 662 41 1.0 500 Example 663 1.0 200 Example 664 1.0 100Example 665 1.5 Example 666 1.8 Example 667 2.0 Example 668 2.5 Example669 5.1 Example 670 SBA-1 10.2 Example 671 15.3 Example 672 20.4Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Zeolite-Type CompoundFunctional Average Substance Inner Metal Oxide Diameter Nanoparticles ofAverage Performance Channels particle Evaluation D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 625 MFI 0.56 Fe 0.08 0.1 C C Example 626 0.56 0.24 0.4 C CExample 627 0.56 0.40 0.7 B C Example 628 0.56 0.80 1.4 A B Example 6290.56 1.20 2.1 A B Example 630 0.56 1.44 2.6 A A Example 631 0.56 1.602.9 A A Example 632 0.56 2.00 3.6 A A Example 633 0.56 4.00 7.1 B AExample 634 0.56 8.00 14.3 B A Example 635 0.56 12.00 21.4 C A Example636 0.56 16.00 28.6 C A Example 637 0.56 0.08 0.1 C C Example 638 0.560.24 0.4 C C Example 639 0.56 0.40 0.7 B C Example 640 0.56 0.80 1.4 A BExample 641 0.56 1.20 2.1 A B Example 642 0.56 1.44 2.6 B A Example 6430.56 1.60 2.9 B A Example 644 0.56 2.00 3.6 B A Example 645 0.56 4.007.1 C A Example 646 0.56 8.00 14.3 C A Example 647 0.56 12.00 21.4 C AExample 648 0.56 16.00 28.6 C A Example 649 FER 0.57 0.08 0.1 C CExample 650 0.57 0.24 0.4 C C Example 651 0.57 0.41 0.7 B C Example 6520.57 0.81 1.4 A B Example 653 0.57 1.22 2.1 A B Example 654 0.57 1.472.6 A B Example 655 0.57 1.63 2.9 A A Example 656 0.57 2.04 3.6 A AExample 657 0.57 4.07 7.1 B A Example 658 0.57 8.14 14.3 B A Example 6590.57 12.21 21.4 C A Example 660 0.57 16.29 28.6 C A Example 661 0.570.08 0.1 C C Example 662 0.57 0.24 0.4 C C Example 663 0.57 0.41 0.7 B CExample 664 0.57 0.81 1.4 A B Example 665 0.57 1.22 2.1 A B Example 6660.57 1.47 2.6 A B Example 667 0.57 1.63 2.9 B A Example 668 0.57 2.043.6 B A Example 669 0.57 4.07 7.1 C A Example 670 0.57 8.14 14.3 C AExample 671 0.57 12.21 21.4 C A Example 672 0.57 16.29 28.6 C A

TABLE 15 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toPrecursor Material Hydrothermal (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio of using Precursor Precursor Added Amount of Material (C) Material(A) Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructural Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 673 MCM- 1.3 Yes 1000 TEABr 12120 Example 674 41 500 Example 675 200 Example 676 100 Example 677 2.0Example 678 2.4 Example 679 2.6 Example 680 3.3 Example 681 6.6 Example682 SBA-1 13.2 Example 683 19.8 Example 684 26.4 Example 685 MCM- 1.3None 1000 Example 686 41 500 Example 687 200 Example 688 100 Example 6892.0 Example 690 2.4 Example 691 2.6 Example 692 3.3 Example 693 6.6Example 694 SBA-1 13.2 Example 695 19.8 Example 696 26.4 Example 697MCM- 1.1 Yes 1000 11 72 Example 698 41 500 Example 699 200 Example 700100 Example 701 1.6 Example 702 2.0 Example 703 2.2 Example 704 2.7Example 705 5.4 Example 706 SBA-1 10.9 Example 707 16.3 Example 708 21.8Example 709 MCM- 1.1 None 1000 Example 710 41 500 Example 711 200Example 712 100 Example 713 1.6 Example 714 2.0 Example 715 2 2 Example716 2.7 Example 717 5.4 Example 718 SBA-1 10.9 Example 719 16.3 Example720 21.8 Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Zeolite-Type CompoundFunctional Average Substance Inner Metal Oxide Diameter Nanoparticles ofAverage Performance Channels particle Evaluation D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 673 FAU 0.74 Cu 0.11 0.1 C C Example 674 0.74 0.32 0.4 C CExample 675 0.74 0.53 0.7 B C Example 676 0.74 1.06 1.4 A B Example 6770.74 1.59 2.1 A B Example 678 0.74 1.90 2.6 A A Example 679 0.74 2.112.9 A A Example 680 0.74 2.64 3.6 A A Example 681 0.74 5.29 7.1 B AExample 682 0.74 10.57 14.3 B A Example 683 0.74 15.86 21.4 C A Example684 0.74 21.14 28.6 C A Example 685 0.74 0.11 0.1 C C Example 686 0.740.32 0.4 C C Example 687 0.74 0.53 0.7 B C Example 688 0.74 1.06 1.4 A BExample 689 0.74 1.59 2.1 A B Example 690 0.74 1.90 2.6 B A Example 6910.74 2.11 2.9 B A Example 692 0.74 2.64 3.6 B A Example 693 0.74 5.297.1 C A Example 694 0.74 10.57 14.3 C A Example 695 0.74 15.86 21.4 C AExample 696 0.74 21.14 28.6 C A Example 697 MTW 0.61 0.09 0.1 C CExample 698 0.61 0.26 0.4 C C Example 699 0.61 0.44 0.7 B C Example 7000.61 0.87 1.4 A B Example 701 0.61 1.31 2.1 A B Example 702 0.61 1.572.6 A B Example 703 0.61 1.74 2.9 A A Example 704 0.61 2.18 3.6 A AExample 705 0.61 4.36 7.1 B A Example 706 0.61 8.71 14.3 B A Example 7070.61 13.07 21.4 C A Example 708 0.61 17.43 28.6 C A Example 709 0.610.09 0.1 C C Example 710 0.61 0.26 0.4 C C Example 711 0.61 0.44 0.7 B CExample 712 0.61 0.87 1.4 A B Example 713 0.61 1.31 2.1 A B Example 7140.61 1.57 2.6 A B Example 715 0.61 1.74 2.9 B A Example 716 0.61 2.183.6 B A Example 717 0.61 4.36 7.1 C A Example 718 0.61 8.71 14.3 C AExample 719 0.61 13.07 21.4 C A Example 720 0.61 17.43 28.6 C A

TABLE 16 Making Conditions of Functional Structural Body Addition toPrecursor Material Hydrothermal (A) Treatment Conditions ConversionRatio using Precursor Precursor of Added Amount Material (C) Material(A) of Metal-containing Type of Pore Presence or Solution (Ratio ofStructural Diameter Absence of Number of Atoms) Directing Time No. Type(nm) Additives Si/M Agent pH (h) Example 721 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TPABr 1272 Example 722 41 1.0 500 Example 723 1.0 200 Example 724 1.0 100Example 725 1.5 Example 726 1.8 Example 727 2.0 Example 728 2.5 Example729 5.0 Example 730 SBA-1 10.0 Example 731 15.0 Example 732 20.0 Example733 MCM- 1.0 None 1000 Example 734 41 1.0 500 Example 735 1.0 200Example 736 1.0 100 Example 737 1.5 Example 738 1.8 Example 739 2.0Example 740 2.5 Example 741 5.0 Example 742 SBA-1 10.0 Example 743 15.0Example 744 20.0 Example 745 MCM- 1.0 Yes 1000 TMABr 12 120 Example 74641 1.0 500 Example 747 1.0 200 Example 748 1.0 100 Example 749 1.5Example 750 1.8 Example 751 2.0 Example 752 2.5 Example 753 5.1 Example754 SBA-1 10.2 Example 755 15.3 Example 756 20.4 Example 757 MCM- 1.0None 1000 Example 758 41 1.0 500 Example 759 1.0 200 Example 760 1.0 100Example 761 1.5 Example 762 1.8 Example 763 2.0 Example 764 2.5 Example765 5.1 Example 766 SBA-1 10.2 Example 767 15.3 Example 768 20.4Functional Structural Body Skeletal Body Zeolite-Type CompoundFunctional Average Substance Inner Metal Oxide Diameter Nanoparticles ofAverage Performance Channels particle Evaluation D_(F) size D_(C)Catalytic No. Framework (nm) Type (nm) D_(C)/D_(F) Activity DurabilityExample 721 MFI 0.56 Cu 0.08 0.1 C C Example 722 0.56 0.24 0.4 C CExample 723 0.56 0.40 0.7 B C Example 724 0.56 0.80 1.4 A B Example 7250.56 1.20 2.1 A B Example 726 0.56 1.44 2.6 A A Example 727 0.56 1.602.9 A A Example 728 0.56 2.00 3.6 A A Example 729 0.56 4.00 7.1 B AExample 730 0.56 8.00 14.3 B A Example 731 0.56 12.00 21.4 C A Example732 0.56 16.00 28.6 C A Example 733 0.56 0.08 0.1 C C Example 734 0.560.24 0.4 C C Example 735 0.56 0.40 0.7 B C Example 736 0.56 0.80 1.4 A BExample 737 0.56 1.20 2.1 A B Example 738 0.56 1.44 2.6 B A Example 7390.56 1.60 2.9 B A Example 740 0.56 2.00 3.6 B A Example 741 0.56 4.007.1 C A Example 742 0.56 8.00 14.3 C A Example 743 0.56 12.00 21.4 C AExample 744 0.56 16.00 28.6 C A Example 745 FER 0.57 0.08 0.1 C CExample 746 0.57 0.24 0.4 C C Example 747 0.57 0.41 0.7 B C Example 7480.57 0.81 1.4 A B Example 749 0.57 1.22 2.1 A B Example 750 0.57 1.472.6 A B Example 751 0.57 1.63 2.9 A A Example 752 0.57 2.04 3.6 A AExample 753 0.57 4.07 7.1 B A Example 754 0.57 8.14 14.3 B A Example 7550.57 12.21 21.4 C A Example 756 0.57 16.29 28.6 C A Example 757 0.570.08 0.1 C C Example 758 0.57 0.24 0.4 C C Example 759 0.57 0.41 0.7 B CExample 760 0.57 0.81 1.4 A B Example 761 0.57 1.22 2.1 A B Example 7620.57 1.47 2.6 A B Example 763 0.57 1.63 2.9 B A Example 764 0.57 2.043.6 B A Example 765 0.57 4.07 7.1 C A Example 766 0.57 8.14 14.3 C AExample 767 0.57 12.21 21.4 C A Example 768 0.57 16.29 28.6 C A

As can be seen from Tables 1 to 16, the functional structural body(Examples 1 to 768), which was confirmed by cross sectional observationto hold the functional substance inside the skeletal body was found toexhibit excellent catalytic activity in the decomposition reaction ofbutyl benzene and excellent durability as a catalyst compared to thefunctional structural body in which the functional substance is simplyadhered to the outer surface of the skeletal body (ComparativeExample 1) or the skeletal body without any functional substances(Comparative Example 2).

In addition, the relationship between the amount of metal (mass %)embedded in the skeletal body of the functional structural body measuredin the evaluation [C], and the yield (mol %) of a compound having amolecular weight smaller than that of butyl benzene contained in theproduction liquid was evaluated. The evaluation method was the same asthe evaluation method performed in “(1) catalytic activity” in the [D]“performance evaluation” described above.

As a result, in each example, when the value obtained by converting theadded amount of the metal-containing solution added to the precursormaterial (A) to the ratio of number of atoms Si/M (M=Fe) is from 50 to200 (content of the metal element (M) of the metal oxide nanoparticiesrelative to the functional structural body is 0.5 to 2.5 mass %), theyield of the compound having a molecular weight lower than that of butylbenzene contained in the product liquid was 32 mol % or greater, and thecatalytic activity in the decomposition reaction of butylbenzene wasfound to be greater than or equal to the pass level.

On the other hand, although the silicalite of Comparative Example 1 inwhich the functional substance was attached only to the outer surface ofthe skeletal body, the catalytic activity in the decomposition reactionof butyl benzene was improved compared to the skeletal body ofComparative Example 2, which did not have any functional substances, butexhibited inferior durability as a catalyst compared to the functionalstructural body of Examples 1 to 768.

In addition, the skeletal body of Comparative Example 2, which did nothave any functional substances, exhibited little catalytic activity inthe decomposition reaction of butylbenzene, and both the catalyticactivity and the durability were inferior compared to the functionalstructural body of Examples 1 to 768.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

1 Functional structural body

10 Skeletal body

10 a Outer surface

11 Channel

11 a Pore

12 Enlarged pore portion

20 Functional substance

30 Functional substance

D_(C) Average particle size

D_(F) Average inner diameter

D_(E) Inner diameter

What is claimed is:
 1. A functional structural body, comprising: askeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound;and at least one functional substance present in the skeletal body,wherein the skeletal body has channels connecting with each other, andthe functional substance is present at least in the channels of theskeletal body.
 2. The functional structural body according to claim 1,wherein the channels have any one of a one-dimensional pore, atwo-dimensional pore, and a three-dimensional pore defined by theframework of the zeolite-type compound and an enlarged pore portionwhich has a diameter different from that of any of the one-dimensionalpore, the two-dimensional pore, and the three-dimensional pore, andwherein the functional substance is present at least in the enlargedpore portion.
 3. The functional structural body according to claim 2,wherein the diameter expanding portion causes a plurality of pores thatconstitute any one of the one-dimensional pore, the two-dimensionalpore, and the three-dimensional pore to connect with each other.
 4. Thefunctional structural body according to claim 1, wherein the functionalsubstance is a catalytic substance; and the skeletal body is a supportthat supports at least one catalytic substance.
 5. The functionalstructural body according to claim 4, wherein the catalytic substance ismetal oxide nanoparticles.
 6. The functional structural body accordingto claim 5, wherein an average particle diameter of the metal oxidenanoparticles is greater than an average inner diameter of the channelsand is less than or equal to an inner diameter of the enlarged poreportion.
 7. The functional structural body according to claim 5, whereina metal element (M) of the metal oxide nanoparticles is contained in anamount from 0.5 mass % to 2.5 mass % based on the functional structuralbody.
 8. The functional structural body according to claim 5, wherein anaverage particle size of the metal oxide nanoparticles is from 0.1 nm to50 nm.
 9. The functional structural body according to claim 5, whereinthe average particle size of the metal oxide nanoparticles is from 0.5nm to 14.0 nm.
 10. The functional structural body according to claim 5,wherein a ratio of the average particle size of the metal oxidenanoparticles to the average inner diameter of the channels is from 0.06to
 500. 11. The functional structural body according to claim 10,wherein a ratio of the average particle size of the metal oxidenanoparticles to the average inner diameter of the channels is from 0.1to
 36. 12. The functional structural body according to claim 11, whereina ratio of the average particle size of the metal oxide nanoparticles tothe average inner diameter of the channels is from 1.7 to 4.5.
 13. Thefunctional structural body according to claim 2, wherein the averageinner diameter of the channels is from 0.1 nm to 1.5 nm, and the innerdiameter of the enlarged pore portion is from 0.5 nm to 50 nm.
 14. Thefunctional structural body according to claim 1, further comprising atleast one functional substance held on an outer surface of the skeletalbody.
 15. The functional structural body according to claim 14, whereinthe content of the at least one functional substance present in theskeletal body is greater than that of a functional substance other thanat least one functional substance held on an outer surface of theskeletal body.
 16. The functional structural body according to claim 1,wherein the zeolite-type compound is a silicate compound.
 17. A methodfor making a functional structural body, comprising: a sintering step ofa precursor material (B) obtained by impregnating a precursor material(A) for obtaining a skeletal body of a porous structure composed ofzeolite-type compound with a metal-containing solution; and ahydrothermal treatment step of hydrothermal-treating the precursor (C)obtained by sintering the precursor material (B).
 18. The method formaking a functional structural body according to claim 17, wherein 5 to500 mass % of a non-ionic surfactant is added to the precursor material(A) before the sintering step.
 19. The method for making a functionalstructural body according to claim 17, wherein the precursor material(A) is impregnated with the metal-containing solution by adding themetal-containing solution in the precursor material (A) in multipleportions prior to the sintering step.
 20. The method for making afunctional structural body according to claim 17, wherein inimpregnating the precursor material (A) with the metal-containingsolution prior to the sintering step, the value obtained by convertingthe added amount of the metal-containing solution added to the precursormaterial (A) to a ratio of silicon (Si) constituting the precursormaterial (A) to a metal element (M) included in the metal-containingsolution added to the precursor material (A) (a ratio of number of atomsSi/M) is adjusted to from 10 to 1000.